1979
DOI: 10.1021/ed056p788
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On the nature of cyanide poisoning

Abstract: On the Nature of Cyanide Poisoning A Rutgers University professor was accidentally killed by cyanide gas which formed from insecticide pellets he was spreading in a campus greenhouse to rid it of flies.. .. An autopsy . . . showed that he died from cardiorespiratory failure as a result of cyanide poisoning (1).An irony of air safety is that the airliners are built so well today that many passengers and crew members survive the actual impact (of a crash) but die in the flames that follow. Death often results fr… Show more

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Cited by 27 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…It has been widely accepted that the mechanism by which nitrites are antidotal to cyanide intoxication is due to the metHb-inducing activity of nitrite, leading to cyanide scavenging by subsequent metHbCN formation (33). However, it has also been pointed out that the generation of significant metHb levels lags behind the antidotal action of amyl nitrite (34) and that inorganic nitrite is still effective even if the MetHb formation is suppressed (30, 35).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been widely accepted that the mechanism by which nitrites are antidotal to cyanide intoxication is due to the metHb-inducing activity of nitrite, leading to cyanide scavenging by subsequent metHbCN formation (33). However, it has also been pointed out that the generation of significant metHb levels lags behind the antidotal action of amyl nitrite (34) and that inorganic nitrite is still effective even if the MetHb formation is suppressed (30, 35).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1 and the recently verified existence of mitochondrial nitric-oxide synthase (9), there is scope for erroneously ascribing any cyanide-resistant oxidase activity measured in mammalian mitochondria to the presence of an alternate di-iron oxidase if steps are not taken to inhibit NO production. The standard treatment for cyanide poisoning involves the intravenous injection of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate (52). The presumption has been that the nitrite oxidizes hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which may then strongly bind cyanide, whereas the thiosulfate promotes enzymatic conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate ion, a much less toxic compound, in the mitochondria.…”
Section: No Cnmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such effects are expected to manifest themselves in an attenuated affinity of the Fe center for small molecules. Among these, CO and the ions CN − and N 3 − , are of particular interest, because the cytotoxicity of the CN − and N 3 − ions arises from the inhibition of C c O and resultant respiratory shutdown,7 and CO is an endogenous inhibitor of ferrohemes. The mode of CN − ion binding to the heme/Cu B site and the effect(s) of Cu B on such binding remain controversial 8.…”
Section: Equilibrium Constants K [M−1 ] For Cn− N3− Ion and Co Binmentioning
confidence: 99%