On the motions of the eye, in illustration of the uses of the muscles and nerves of the orbit.

Bell, Charles

doi:10.1037/13923-007

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…For well over a century, it has generally been agreed that the perceived location of a visual target depends on both retinal and extraretinal information (Bell, 1823;Helmholtz, 1866Helmholtz, /1962Hering, 1879Hering, /1942Wade, 1978). Retinal information is derived from the image of the target on the retina, its location on the retina, and the shapes and locations of images of other objects in the visual field.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gravitational and optical stimulation on the perception of target elevation

Cohen

Stoper

Welch

et al. 2001

Perception & Psychophysics

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confidence: 99%

Effects of gravitational and optical stimulation on the perception of target elevation

Cohen

Stoper

Welch

et al. 2001

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…7 The exact mechanism of this complex phenomenon has not been clearly defined yet, but possible mechanisms related to mesencephalic reticular nucleus, and third and seventh cranial nerve nuclei have been proposed. 8,9 BP is thought as a response related to normal neurological maturation process, thus it is believed that frequency should be low in neurologically immature premature infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Significant Challenge During Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening: Bell's Phenomenon

Şekeroğlu¹,

Hekimoğlu²,

Petriçli³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol

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A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : To evaluate the expression of Bell's phenomenon (BP) in premature infants and to discuss the effects of BP expression on retinopathy of prematurity screening examination. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Consecutive infants admitted for retinopathy of prematurity screening examination were all recruited. The expression of BP was evaluated just after the insertion of the blepharostat and during illumination of the eye by the binocular indirect ophthalmoscopic light beam. BP was recorded as grade 0 when there is no expression, grade 1 when partial response is present (the center of pupil visible) and grade 2 when full response is present (the center of pupil is not visible). R Re es su ul lt ts s: : A total of 152 infants with a mean gestational age of 31.4±2.8 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1705.0±543.3 g. were enrolled in the study. Fourty-two (30.3%) grade 0, 70 (46.0%) grade 1 and 36 (23.7%) grade 2 responses were observed just after the insertion of the blepharostat. After illumination of the eye with the indirect ophthalmoscope, 31 (20.4%) grade 0, 60 (39.5%) grade 1 and 61 (40.1%) grade 2 responses were observed. No significant association was found between the gestational age and the frequency of BP just after insertion of the blepharostat. (p=0.856) However, there was a statistically significant difference of the expression frequency of BP between different age groups during illumination with the light of binocular indirect ophthalmoscope (p=0.008). C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : BP is commonly encountered in premature infants during retinopathy of prematurity screening examination. It should be taken into consideration during screening examination and laser treatment under topical anesthesia in order to prevent conjunctival injury and anterior segment ischemia.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Infant, premature; retinopathy of prematurity Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Prematüre bebeklerde Bell fenomeni (BF) görülme sıklığını ve bu durumun prematüre retinopatisi tarama muayenesi sırasında neden olabileceği sonuçları tartışmak amaçlanmıştır. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Prematüre retinopatisi tarama muayenesi için başvuran bebeklerde blefarosta takılmasını ve indirekt oftalmoskop ışığının göze tutulmasını takiben BF varlığı değerlendirildi. Yanıt alınamayan olgular evre 0, kısmi yanıt alınan olgular (pupil merkezi görülen) evre 1 ve tam yanıt alınan olgular (pupil merkezi görülemeyen) ise evre 2 olarak kaydedildi. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Ortalama gestasyonel yaşı 31,4±2,8 hafta ve doğum ağırlığı 1705,0±543,3 g olan 152 bebek çalışma kapsamına alındı. Blefarosta takılmasını takiben 42 (%30,3) bebekte evre 0, 70 (%46,0) bebekte evre 1 ve 36 (%23,7) bebekte evre 2 yanıt izlendi. İndirekt oftalmoskop ışığı ile 31 (%20,4) bebekte evre 0, 60 (%39,5) bebekte evre 1 ve 61 (%40,1) bebekte evre 2 yanıt izlendi. Gestasyonel yaş ile blefarosta takılmasını takiben ortaya çıkan BF görülme sıklığı arasında ista...

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“…Bell's contributions regarding the nervous system are extremely wide ranging, although only two papers refer specifically to the nerves that produce movements of the eye (Bell 1823a(Bell , 1823b. In these two related papers, Bell examined the movement of the eyes more minutely than had hitherto been done.…”

Section: Bell's Activities In Londonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sir Charles Bell (1774−1842): contributions to neuro‐ophthalmology

Grzybowski¹,

Kaufman

2007

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

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. Sir Charles Bell (1774–1842) was a Scottish anatomist, physiologist, neurologist, artist and surgeon, who enjoyed a distinguished career in teaching and clinical practice in London between 1804 and 1836. In 1814, he was appointed to the surgical staff of the Middlesex Hospital. In 1824, he was elected Professor of Anatomy and Surgery at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, and shortly afterwards was elected Professor of Physiology at the University of London. In 1831, he was knighted on the accession of William IV. In 1836, he was elected to the Chair of Surgery in the University of Edinburgh, and remained there until his death in 1842, at 68 years of age. During his career, Bell was a prolific medical author, a brilliant medical researcher and a skilled artist. In 1811, he discovered the distinct functions of the motor and sensory nerves, findings that were initially published in a pamphlet entitled ‘Ideas of a New Anatomy of the Brain’. In 1821, Bell described the long thoracic nerve, which supplies the serratus anterior muscle, and which now bears his name. In the same paper he showed that lesions of the seventh cranial nerve produce facial paralysis (now termed Bell's palsy). He also demonstrated that the fifth cranial nerve is of sensory importance to the face and controls the muscles of mastication, whereas the seventh cranial nerve principally controls the muscles of facial expression. Bell published research on a number of ophthalmological subjects. This paper reviews some of these latter achievements.

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On the motions of the eye, in illustration of the uses of the muscles and nerves of the orbit.

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of gravitational and optical stimulation on the perception of target elevation

Effects of gravitational and optical stimulation on the perception of target elevation

A Significant Challenge During Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening: Bell's Phenomenon

Sir Charles Bell (1774−1842): contributions to neuro‐ophthalmology

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