On the modeling of a visco-hyperelastic polymer gel under blunt ballistic impacts

Bracq, A.; Haugou, Grégory; Bourel, Benjamin; Maréchal, Christophe; Lauro, Franck; Roth, Sébastien; Mauzac, O.

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2018.04.001

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The constitutive law of SEBS synthetic gel was implemented as a user material subroutine coded in Fortran using an Ogden model and can be expressed as follows:

with

depending on time. This visco-hyperelastic constitutive law and the corresponding mechanical parameters are clearly described in the study by Bracq et al ( Bracq et al, 2018 ). Bracq et al identified the parameters of the SEBS gel used in the internal organs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 67%

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A new biomechanical FE model for blunt thoracic impact

Chaufer

Delille

Bourel

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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In the field of biomechanics, numerical procedures can be used to understand complex phenomena that cannot be analyzed with experimental setups. The use of experimental data from human cadavers can present ethical issues that can be avoided by utilizing biofidelic models. Biofidelic models have been shown to have far-reaching benefits, particularly in evaluating the effectiveness of protective devices such as body armors. For instance, numerical twins coupled with a biomechanical model can be used to assess the efficacy of protective devices against intense external forces. Similarly, the use of human body surrogates in experimental studies has allowed for biomechanical studies, as demonstrated by the development of crash test dummies that are commonly used in automotive testing. This study proposes using numerical procedures and simplifying the structure of an existing biofidelic FE model of the human thorax as a preliminary step in building a physical surrogate. A reverse engineering method was used to ensure the use of manufacturable materials, which resulted in a FE model called SurHUByx FEM (Surrogate HUByx Finite Element Model, with HUByx being the original thorax FE model developed previously). This new simplified model was validated against existing experimental data on cadavers in the context of ballistic impact. SurHUByx FEM, with its new material properties of manufacturable materials, demonstrated consistent behavior with the corresponding biomechanical corridors derived from these experiments. The validation process of this new simplified FE model yielded satisfactory results and is the first step towards the development of its physical twin using manufacturable materials.

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“…The constitutive law of SEBS synthetic gel was implemented as a user material subroutine coded in Fortran using an Ogden model and can be expressed as follows:

with

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…with µ k depending on time. This visco-hyperelastic constitutive law and the corresponding mechanical parameters are clearly described in the study by Bracq et al (Bracq et al, 2018). Bracq et al identified the parameters of the SEBS gel used in the internal organs.…”

Section: Soft Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 91%

A new biomechanical FE model for blunt thoracic impact

Chaufer

Delille

Bourel

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…he mechanical behavior of SEBS gels subjected to dynamic loading is particularly complex, showing a hyperviscoelastic behavior with rate effect being very significant at high strain rates and high strain values, as demonstrated by Bracq et al (2017 [5], 2018 [6]). However, evidence shows that the macroscopic behavior of gel blocks impacted by 5.56 mm steel spheres at velocities ranging between 100 and 500 m/s is mostly influenced by the quasi-static mechanical properties, while the effects of rate-dependence are much less relevant in terms of impactor penetration and cavity formation (Mrozec et al 2015 [4]).…”

Section: Development Of a Simplified Constitutive Law For A Sebs Gelmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In 2017 Bracq et al [5] experimentally investigated the effects of strain-rate on a 30% SEBS gel formulation showing that the effects of strain-rate appear to be significant at very high strain-rates and high strain values, while at low and medium rates the dependency is low. In 2018 Bracq et al [6] proposed a visco-hyperelastic constitutive law, validated to simulate blunt impacts of 140 grams cylindrical projectiles hitting gel blocks at maximum velocity of 30 m/s, thanks to a dedicated user-defined material subroutine developed to be used with Radioss solver. In 2020 an alternative modelling approach was proposed by Shen et T al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified constitutive model for a SEBS gel muscle simulant - Development and experimental validation for finite elements simulations of handgun and rifle ballistic impacts

Andreotti

Leggewri²,

Casaroli

et al. 2022

Frattura Ed Integrità Strutturale

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An original simplified constitutive model is proposed to simulate the effects of ballistic impacts on blocks of synthetic muscle simulant based on mineral oil and styrene ethylene-butylene styrene polymers (SEBS) as a convenient substitute for Fackler ballistic gelatin. The model is based on a quasi-static elastic-plastic model associated with hydrodynamic properties regulated by a polynomial equation of state. The paper illustrates the development and experimental validation of the model to simulate 9x21mm FMJ round-nose, 7.62x39 mm FMJ, and 5.56x45 mm NATO bullets penetrating 145x145x400 mm gel blocks. All material parameters are provided to be implemented in built-in LS-Dyna keywords. The validation confirms the effectiveness of the model and suggests possible further developments. The work also confirms the tested synthetic gel as a valid and convenient substitute for Fackler 10% ballistic gelatin at 4 °C.

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“…Note that strain rate-dependence in visco-hyperelasticity can be classified into short-time (e.g., high strain rate deformation) and long-time (e.g., creep and relaxation) responses [30]. This work focuses only on the short-time response, which is of special interest in the field of injury biomechanics (e.g., simulations of crashes, blast, and ballistic impact) and in the design of protective equipment [31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics-informed data-driven discovery of constitutive models with application to strain-rate-sensitive soft materials

Upadhyay,

Fuhg,

Bouklas

et al. 2024

Comput Mech

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A novel data-driven constitutive modeling approach is proposed, which combines the physics-informed nature of modeling based on continuum thermodynamics with the benefits of machine learning. This approach is demonstrated on strain-rate-sensitive soft materials. This model is based on the viscous dissipation-based visco-hyperelasticity framework where the total stress is decomposed into volumetric, isochoric hyperelastic, and isochoric viscous overstress contributions. It is shown that each of these stress components can be written as linear combinations of the components of an irreducible integrity basis. Three Gaussian process regression-based surrogate models are trained (one per stress component) between principal invariants of strain and strain rate tensors and the corresponding coefficients of the integrity basis components. It is demonstrated that this type of model construction enforces key physics-based constraints on the predicted responses: the second law of thermodynamics, the principles of local action and determinism, objectivity, the balance of angular momentum, an assumed reference state, isotropy, and limited memory. The three surrogate models that constitute our constitutive model are evaluated by training them on small-size numerically generated data sets corresponding to a single deformation mode and then analyzing their predictions over a much wider testing regime comprising multiple deformation modes. Our physics-informed data-driven constitutive model predictions are compared with the corresponding predictions of classical continuum thermodynamics-based and purely data-driven models. It is shown that our surrogate models can reasonably capture the stress–strain-strain rate responses in both training and testing regimes and improve prediction accuracy, generalizability to multiple deformation modes, and compatibility with limited data.

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On the modeling of a visco-hyperelastic polymer gel under blunt ballistic impacts

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

A new biomechanical FE model for blunt thoracic impact

A new biomechanical FE model for blunt thoracic impact

A simplified constitutive model for a SEBS gel muscle simulant - Development and experimental validation for finite elements simulations of handgun and rifle ballistic impacts

Physics-informed data-driven discovery of constitutive models with application to strain-rate-sensitive soft materials

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