On the mechanism of impurity influence on growth kinetics and surface morphology of KDP crystals—II: experimental study of influence of bivalent and trivalent impurity ions on growth kinetics and surface morphology of KDP crystals

Growth and properties of Ba‐doped KDP crystals

“…Impurities such as Fe 3+ , Cr 3+ , Al 3+ have noticeable effects on the growth rate, morphology and quality of KDP-type crystals grown from aqueous solution [1]. T. A. Eremna et al [2][3][4][5][6][7] also reported that the addition of a small amount of bivalent ions with larger ionic radii like Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ and Ba 2+ strongly retarded the crystal growth rate of KDP in aqueous solutions. Until now, the effect of these impurities on the crystallization process of the KDP-type crystals has not been born out very clearly, so it is necessary to do further research.…”

Investigation on (100) face of KDP crystal poisoned by MoO4 2− impurity

“…The amount of Mo element in prismatic sector is an order of magnitude larger than that in pyramidal sector, which implies that MoO 4 2-is inclined to be absorbed on (100) face and in agreement with the growth phenomena. We should notice that both the tapering morphology and the growth inhibition effect of the (100) face in the presence of MoO 4 2-are similar to that in the presence of cations [4,6,19].…”

“…3c, two-dimensional nucleus appeared on (100) face, which argues that the twodimensional nucleus growth model should not be excluded for calculating the growth kinetics. In the two-dimensional nucleus [18] and screw dislocation growth [19] models, the growth rate R can be delivered of supersaturation as the formula 2 and 3, respectively.…”

Multi-Impurity Adsorption Model for Modeling Crystal Purity and Shape Evolution during Crystallization Processes in Impure Media

“…The effect of growth modifiers on the shape is closely linked to the molecular arrangement in the crystal lattice. Often different crystal faces exhibit different charges hence impurities with positive or negative charges will adsorb preferentially on different faces of the crystal 16,24,27,[54][55][56][57][75][76][77][78] . In the case of the current work, divalent and trivalent metal ions preferably adsorb on the {100} face of KDP crystal, which leads to decreased growth rate of the corresponding characteristic length.…”