On the mechanism of impurity influence on growth kinetics and surface morphology of KDP crystals—I: defect centres formed by bivalent and trivalent impurity ions incorporated in KDP structure—theoretical study

Synthesis and characterization of γ-glycine – a nonlinear optical single crystal for optoelectronic and photonic applications

“…In accordance with Miller rule, the lower value of dielectric constant is a suitable parameter for the enhancement of SHG efficiency [14]. The low value of dielectric loss (tanδ) in the region of high frequency for the sample suggests that the grown crystals possess enhanced optical quality with lesser number of electrically active defects and this parameter is of vital importance for non-linear optical materials in their applications [15].…”

Effect of Amino Acid Additives on Crystal Growth Parameters and Properties of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate Crystals

“…The adsorption of impurities at different sites can cause growth inhibitions, even block the growing surface and in consequence stop the growth process. However, the adsorbed impurities may simultaneously lead to a reduction in the edge free energy, which results in an increase in crystal growth rate (Rak et al, 2005). Several dopants help in the growth of ADP crystals at with higher growth rate and enhancement in the various properties of the crystals.…”

Multi-Impurity Adsorption Model for Modeling Crystal Purity and Shape Evolution during Crystallization Processes in Impure Media

“…The effect of growth modifiers on the shape is closely linked to the molecular arrangement in the crystal lattice. Often different crystal faces exhibit different charges hence impurities with positive or negative charges will adsorb preferentially on different faces of the crystal 16,24,27,[54][55][56][57][75][76][77][78] . In the case of the current work, divalent and trivalent metal ions preferably adsorb on the {100} face of KDP crystal, which leads to decreased growth rate of the corresponding characteristic length.…”