1994
DOI: 10.1149/1.2055125
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On the Mechanism of Electroless Ni‐P Plating

Abstract: The electroless deposition mechanism of nickel, in a chloride-based solution, using hypophosphite ion as reducing agent was examined using potentiodynamic method and open-circuit potential measurements. The results indicate that the mixed potential theory is unable to describe this system. This is due to the nature of the involved mechanism. It is assumed that the process is initialized by adsorption of hypophosphite ions, followed by the homolysis of primary reductant species, resulting in the formation of at… Show more

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Cited by 147 publications
(84 citation statements)
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“…Foi feito também um revestimento "electroless" [18][19][20] com Pd (utilizando-se PdCl 2 ) no EM Ni produzindo o EM Ni/Pd.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Foi feito também um revestimento "electroless" [18][19][20] com Pd (utilizando-se PdCl 2 ) no EM Ni produzindo o EM Ni/Pd.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…The reduced Ni mainly resulted from the reaction among the Ni ions and the reductant radicals (Abrantes and Correia 1994;Iwasa et al 1968). However, the Si substrate could be oxidized in aqueous alkaline solution as following reaction Eq.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is well known that the autocatalytic deposition of metals or alloys usually results from two half reactions: anodic oxidation of the reducing agent and cathodic discharge [19][20][21] .…”
Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An increase in pH from 5 to 9 by addition of ammonia resulted in a drop in the cathodic current, due to the decrease in proton concentration (H3O + ) and to the inhibition of nickel discharge. Indeed, the citrate-amino-nickel complexes are more difficult to reduce than the citrate-nickel species 20 . We also observed an increase in the first anodic peak linked to the oxidation of hypophosphite.…”
Section: +mentioning
confidence: 99%