On the meaning and interpretation of global descriptors of brain electrical activity. Including a reply to X. Pei et al.

Wackermann, Jiřı́; Allefeld, Carsten

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.02.003

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…As a result, the brains of such patients often cannot be mapped accurately onto available reference atlases (Brett et al 2001). EEG studies are less problematic in this respect, because local EEGs represent so-called ''functional sources'', which are defined as the part or parts of the brain that contribute to the activity recorded at a single sensor (Stam 2005;Wackermann and Allefeld 2007). A functional source is an operational concept that does not have to coincide precisely with a well defined anatomical part of the brain and is neutral with respect to the problems of localization of primary source and volume conduction (Stam 2005;Wackermann and Allefeld 2007).…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…EEG studies are less problematic in this respect, because local EEGs represent so-called ''functional sources'', which are defined as the part or parts of the brain that contribute to the activity recorded at a single sensor (Stam 2005;Wackermann and Allefeld 2007). A functional source is an operational concept that does not have to coincide precisely with a well defined anatomical part of the brain and is neutral with respect to the problems of localization of primary source and volume conduction (Stam 2005;Wackermann and Allefeld 2007). Additionally, the use of averaged values for the whole cortex while assessing different EEG parameters diminishes the contribution of a particular anatomical area in the overall result of the study.…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward operational architectonics of consciousness: basic evidence from patients with severe cerebral injuries

Fingelkurts

Bagnato

et al. 2011

Cogn Process

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Although several studies propose that the integrity of neuronal assemblies may underlie a phenomenon referred to as awareness, none of the known studies have explicitly investigated dynamics and functional interactions among neuronal assemblies as a function of consciousness expression. In order to address this question, EEG operational architectonics analysis (Fingelkurts and Fingelkurts 2001, 2008) was conducted in patients in minimally conscious (MCS) and vegetative states (VS) to study the dynamics of neuronal assemblies and operational synchrony among them as a function of consciousness expression. We found that in minimally conscious patients and especially in vegetative patients neuronal assemblies got smaller, their life span shortened and they became highly unstable. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the extent/volume and strength of operational synchrony among neuronal assemblies was smallest or even absent in VS patients, intermediate in MCS patients, and highest in healthy fully conscious subjects. All findings were similarly observed in EEG alpha as well as beta1 and beta2 frequency oscillations. The presented results support the basic tenets of operational architectonics theory of brain-mind functioning and suggest that EEG operational architectonics analysis may provide an objective and accurate means of assessing signs of (un)consciousness in patients with severe brain injuries. Therefore, this methodological approach may complement the existing "gold standard" of behavioral assessment of this population of challenging patients and inform the diagnostic and treatment decision-making processes.

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Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Toward operational architectonics of consciousness: basic evidence from patients with severe cerebral injuries

Fingelkurts

Bagnato

et al. 2011

Cogn Process

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“…Pizzagalli et al (2000) examined differences in the resting EEGs of individuals high versus low in paranormal beliefs, exploring both the location and complexity patterns of cortical activity. Complexity patters are a reflection of the spatial distribution of total EEG power; lower complexity values reflect either a single distribution of activity with one underlying neural mechanism or the synchronized activity of multiple neural mechanisms (see Wackermann and Allefeld, 2007, for a review). In comparison to the asymmetry in hemispheric complexity present in normal adults (left > right), individuals high in paranormal beliefs exhibited a reduction in asymmetry linked to enhanced right-hemisphere and reduced left-hemisphere complexity patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transliminal brain at rest: Baseline EEG, unusual experiences, and access to unconscious mental activity

Fleck

Green

Stevenson

et al. 2008

Cortex

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Transliminality reflects individual differences in the threshold at which unconscious processes or external stimuli enter into consciousness. Individuals high in transliminality possess characteristics such as magical ideation, belief in the paranormal, and creative personality traits, and also report the occurrence of manic/mystic experiences. The goal of the present research was to determine if resting brain activity differs for individuals high versus low in transliminality. We compared baseline EEG recordings (eyes-closed) between individuals high versus low in transliminality, assessed using The Revised Transliminality Scale of Lange et al. (2000). Identifying reliable differences at rest between high-and low-transliminality individuals would support a predisposition for transliminality-related traits. Individuals high in transliminality exhibited lower alpha, beta, and gamma power than individuals low in transliminality over left posterior association cortex and lower high alpha, low beta, and gamma power over the right superior temporal region. In contrast, when compared to individuals low in transliminality, individuals high in transliminality exhibited greater gamma power over the frontal-midline region. These results are consistent with prior research reporting reductions in left temporal/parietal activity, as well as the desynchronization of right temporal activity in schizotypy and related schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Further, differences between high-and low-transliminality groups extend existing theories linking altered hemispheric asymmetries in brain activity to a predisposition toward schizophrenia, paranormal beliefs, and unusual experiences.

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“…A functional source is an operational concept that does not have to coincide with a well defined anatomical part of the brain, and is neutral with respect to the problems of source localization and volume conduction [88,89]. In this terminology, a functional source is the lowest level of spatial resolution of a particular type of measurement.…”

Section: Relationship Between Local Eeg Short-term Sp Of Particular Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term EEG Spectral Pattern as a Single Event in EEG Phenomenology~!2009-11-10~!2010-02-22~!2010-09-08~!

Fingelkurts¹

2010

TONIJ

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Spectral decomposition, to this day, still remains the main analytical paradigm for the analysis of EEG oscillations. However, conventional spectral analysis assesses the mean characteristics of the EEG power spectra averaged out over extended periods of time and/or broad frequency bands, thus resulting in a "static" picture which cannot reflect adequately the underlying neurodynamic. A relatively new promising area in the study of EEG is based on reducing the signal to elementary short-term spectra of various types in accordance with the number of types of EEG stationary segments instead of using averaged power spectrum for the whole EEG. It is suggested that the various perceptual and cognitive operations associated with a mental or behavioural condition constitute a single distinguishable neurophysiological state with a distinct and reliable spectral pattern. In this case, one type of short-term spectral pattern may be considered as a single event in EEG phenomenology. To support this assumption the following issues are considered in detail: (a) the relations between local EEG short-term spectral pattern of particular type and the actual state of the neurons in underlying network and a volume conduction; (b) relationship between morphology of EEG short-term spectral pattern and the state of the underlying neurodynamical system i.e. neuronal assembly; (c) relation of different spectral pattern components to a distinct physiological mechanism; (d) relation of different spectral pattern components to different functional significance; (e) developmental changes of spectral pattern components; (f) heredity of the variance in the individual spectral pattern and its components; (g) intra-individual stability of the sets of EEG short-term spectral patterns and their percent ratio; (h) discrete dynamics of EEG short-term spectral patterns. Functional relevance (consistency) of EEG short-term spectral patterns in accordance with the changes of brain functional state, cognitive task and with different neuropsychopathologies is demonstrated.

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On the meaning and interpretation of global descriptors of brain electrical activity. Including a reply to X. Pei et al.

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Toward operational architectonics of consciousness: basic evidence from patients with severe cerebral injuries

Toward operational architectonics of consciousness: basic evidence from patients with severe cerebral injuries

The transliminal brain at rest: Baseline EEG, unusual experiences, and access to unconscious mental activity

Short-Term EEG Spectral Pattern as a Single Event in EEG Phenomenology~!2009-11-10~!2010-02-22~!2010-09-08~!

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