On the longitude dependence of total ozone trends over middle-latitudes

Efstathiou, Maria; Varotsos, C.; Singh, R. P.; Cracknell, A. P.; Tzanis, Chris G.

doi:10.1080/0143116021000044814

Cited by 91 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Indeed, many previous studies have demonstrated the important role of planetary waves in modulating ZAO variations (e.g. Peters and Entzian 1999;Peters et al 2008;Efstathiou et al 2003;Hio and Yoden 2004;Grytsai et al 2005;Gabriel et al 2011;Ialongo et al 2012;Zhang et al 2015) and have proposed that the planetary waves of tropospheric origin could affect TCO through tropopause height modulations and stratosphere-troposphere exchange processes. Nevertheless, whether and to what extent planetary wave changes exert an influence on the zonally asymmetric TCO trend in the past 30 years remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

et al. 2018

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Using various satellite-based observations, a linear ozone transport model (LOTM), a chemistry-climate model (WACCM3) and an offline chemical transport model (SLIMCAT), zonally asymmetric trends of the total column ozone (TCO) in the northern middle latitudes during winter for the period 1979-2015 are analyzed and factors responsible for the trends are diagnosed. The results reveal that there are significant negative TCO trends over the North Pacific and positive TCO trends over the northwestern North America. The zonally asymmetric TCO trends are mainly contributed by the trends in partial column ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) which are closely related to the long-term changes of geopotential height in the troposphere. Furthermore, the trends of geopontential height in the UTLS are mainly modulated by pattern changes in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), the Cold Ocean-Warm Land (COWL) and the North Pacific (NP) index. Accordingly, the zonally asymmetric TCO trends can be largely reconstructed by the trends of the above three teleconnection patterns. Sea surface temperature (SST) changes over the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean can also exert a significant contribution to the zonally asymmetric TCO trends through their influence on the COWL and NP patterns. In addition, chemical ozone loss partially offsets the positive trends in zonal TCO anomalies over Central Siberia and enhances the positive TCO trends over northwestern North America. However, the contribution of chemical processes to the zonally asymmetric TCO trends is relatively smaller than that of dynamical transport effects. Interpreting the zonally asymmetric TCO trends and their responsible factors would be helpful for accurately predicting the stratospheric ozone return date in the northern middle latitudes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

et al. 2018

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“…Reid et al, 1994;Gernandt et al, 1995;Efstathiou et al, 2003;Cracknell and Varotsos, 1994Tzanis and Varotsos, 2008;Alexandris et al, 1999). Temperature dependent measurements of diffusion coefficients for HCl, CH 3 OH, HCOOH and CH 3 COOH in ice, as studied in recent measurements (Livingston et al, 2002;Nehme, 2006) show that their D o -values differ by several orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, such particles, apart from their involvement to various mechanisms in the lower troposphere (Asimakopoulos et al, 1992;Cartalis and Varotsos, 1994;Ferm et al, 2005Ferm et al, , 2006) also contribute to radiative forcing as well as to chemical conversions in the upper troposphere where they exist in form of cirrus clouds and contrails. Since the rates of heterogeneous chemical conversions depend on both surface and bulk…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new modeling tool for the diffusion of gases in ice or amorphous binary mixture in the polar stratosphere and the upper troposphere

Varotsos

Zellner

2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. To elaborate stratospheric ozone depletion processes, measurements of diffusion coefficients of selected gas phase molecules (i.e. HCl, CH 3 OH, HCOOH and CH 3 COOH; Katsambas et al., 1997;Kondratyev and Varotsos, 1996;Varotsos et al., 1994Varotsos et al., , 1995 in ice in the temperature range 170-195 K have been analyzed with respect to the mechanisms and rates of diffusion. It is argued that the diffusion in ice of these compounds is governed by a vacancy -mediated mechanism, i.e. H 2 O vacancies are required to diffuse to lattice sites adjacent to these compounds prior to the diffusion of the corresponding molecule into the vacancy sites. In addition, we show that the diffusion coefficients of these compounds exhibit a specific interconnection, i.e. a linear relationship holds between the logarithm of the pre-exponential factor, D o , and the activation energy E. The physical meaning of this interconnection is discussed.

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“…The large vertical temperature gradients both above and below the tropical tropopause act as a strong constraint on the size of the tropopause height changes that can be caused by predominantly tropical modes of variability (such as El Nino/Southern Oscillation -ENSO). In contrast, ozone-and GHG-induced cooling of the stratosphere tend to be largest in high latitudes at both hemispheres (Cortesi et al, 2007;Efstathiou et al, 2003;Gernandt et al, 1995;Kondratyev et al, 1994;Sausen and Santer, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling behaviour of the global tropopause

2009

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Abstract. Detrended fluctuation analysis is applied to the time series of the global tropopause height derived from the 1980-2004 daily radiosonde data, in order to detect longrange correlations in its time evolution.Global tropopause height fluctuations in small timeintervals are found to be positively correlated to those in larger time intervals in a power-law fashion. The exponent of this dependence is larger in the tropics than in the middle and high latitudes in both hemispheres. Greater persistence is observed in the tropopause of the Northern than in the Southern Hemisphere. A plausible physical explanation of the fact that long-range correlations in tropopause variability decreases with increasing latitude is that the column ozone fluctuations (that are closely related with the tropopause ones) exhibit long range correlations, which are larger in tropics than in the middle and high latitudes at long time scales.This finding for the tropopause height variability should reduce the existing uncertainties in assessing the climatic characteristics. More specifically the reliably modelled values of a climatic variable (i.e. past and future simulations) must exhibit the same scaling behaviour with that possibly existing in the real observations of the variable under consideration. An effort has been made to this end by applying the detrended fluctuation analysis to the global mean monthly land and sea surface temperature anomalies during the period January 1850-August 2008. The result obtained supports the findings presented above, notably: the correlations between the fluctuations in the global mean monthly land and sea surface temperature display scaling behaviour which must characterizes any projection.

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On the longitude dependence of total ozone trends over middle-latitudes

Cited by 91 publications

References 15 publications

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

A new modeling tool for the diffusion of gases in ice or amorphous binary mixture in the polar stratosphere and the upper troposphere

Scaling behaviour of the global tropopause

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