On the liquid condensate vertical migration near the production wells of gas-condensate reservoirs

Salmani, Niloofar; Fatehi, Rouhollah; Azin, Reza

doi:10.1016/j.jestch.2020.03.006

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Each modifier has specific properties. Selection of the wettability modifier depends on hydrocarbon phase properties and its composition, the types of salts present in the water, formation rock properties, saturation of water, pH, pressure, temperature, and brine salinity. ,, The chemicals should have certain properties such as longevity, low cost, thermal stability, and being unimpaired. Different methodologies are proposed for synthesizing chemicals to achieve hydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces, including sol–gel, plasma etching, phase separation, solution immersion, electrochemical reaction, and deposition .…”

Section: Chemically Induced Wettability Alterationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wettability Alteration in Gas Condensate Reservoirs: A Critical Review of the Opportunities and Challenges

Kazemi,

Khlyupin,

Azin

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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The gas condensate reservoir is classified as a natural gas resource that produces condensate liquid in the reservoir when the pressure in the reservoir drops below the dew point. An innovative strategy to address condensate blockage near the wellbore involves modifying the wettability of the surface of the reservoir rock. This is achieved through chemical treatment, transitioning the surface from a state of strong liquid-wetting to either strong or intermediate gas-wetting. This modern approach effectively mitigates condensate blockage and its associated challenges. Adjusting and sustaining wettability conditions within gas reservoirs requires proper chemicals for a certain reservoir condition. The paper presents a thorough review of wettability and the processes involved in wettability alteration specifically in gas condensate reservoirs. Then, the commonly used wettability alteration chemicals along with their induced flow mechanisms are discussed and reviewed together with a molecular modeling point of view on modern problems of wetting and interfacial phenomena. This paper also focuses on using nanoparticles and fluorochemicals as wettability alteration agents, given that fluorinated nanoparticles are allegedly superior to the chemical wettability altering agents as they change the wettability of the rock surface by modifying both surface energy and surface roughness. This Review indicates the promising use of various nanoparticles along with fluoro materials to enhance ultimate hydrocarbon recovery in gas condensate reservoirs. In the next part, molecular dynamic simulation of imbibition of n-alkanes in kerogen organic slits are presented. The influence of competitive adsorption on multicomponent flows of crude oil and wetting transition on surfaces with molecular roughness are discussed. Actual problems and challenges of molecular modeling methods are also presented.

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Section: Chemically Induced Wettability Alterationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wettability Alteration in Gas Condensate Reservoirs: A Critical Review of the Opportunities and Challenges

Kazemi,

Khlyupin,

Azin

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…Condensate wells produce raw natural gas and also heavy hydrocarbons, which are low molecular compounds, whereas gas well produces only raw natural gas. Natural gas condensate, also known as natural gasoline or simply condensate, refers to gases that are liquid at a certain temperature, such as pentane and heavier compounds [16].…”

Section: A Condensate Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) in Condensate Separator and Storage Vessel: A Case Study

Siswantoro

Priyanta

Ramadhan

2021

IJMEIR

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⎯ in the processing of oil and gas, a pressure vessel is an important piece of equipment. It needs a method to prevent the failure of the pressure vessel. The Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) is a systematic approach to the inspection management method for equipment based on the level of risk. RBI is expected to provide sufficiently accurate recommendations to prevent equipment failures. In this research, the objects to be carried out are the 10V2102 condensate separator and the 10V2103 condensate storage vessel. According to RBI analysis, the risk category of the current RBI date is low risk for the condensate separator 10V2102 and condensate storage vessel 10V2103. Meanwhile, the inspection date of Condensate Separator 10V2102 is 2 April 2026 and 11 February 2027 for Condensate Storage Vessel 10V2103 and selected inspection methods are Visual Testing, Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Radiography Test (RT), Eddy Current Test, and Magnetic Particle Inspection. Keywords⎯ inspection, pressure vessel, risk, RBI. I. INTRODUCTION1The pressure vessel is one of the important pieces of equipment in the oil and gas production process [1], [2]. In this research, the objects to be carried out are the 10V2102 condensate separator and the 10V2103 condensate storage vessel. Where the condensate separator is a vessel used to separate fluid and gas, the separated condensate fluid will collect at the bottom of the separator. The collected condensate is then transferred to the condensate storage vessel. Each pressure vessel has a production life that depends on the type and use of the pressure vessel itself [3]. If the operation continues beyond the proper age, it is feared that it can cause unwanted dangers. Therefore necessary a method to prevent failure of the pressure vessel [4]. RBI (risk-based inspection) is a procedure for determining when to inspect facilities based on the level of risk [5], [6]. As a result, the RBI's risk assessment is required to provide reasonably precise recommendations to avoid equipment failures. The Reserve Bank of India prioritizes and manages inspection patterns based on risk. In a system, it is common knowledge that there is a high enough risk to some of the small equipment [7], [8]. Inspection and maintenance can be improved on

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“…Due to the complex phase and fluid flow behavior of these reservoirs, their evaluation becomes a challenging issue. With condensate accumulation around the well, the effective permeability is reduced substantially [38,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68].…”

Section: Gas Condensate Reservoirs and Pressure Transientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Well Test Analysis of Condensate Dropout Effects in Dual-Permeability Model of Naturally Fractured Gas Condensate Reservoirs: Case Studies in the South of Iran

Safari-Beidokhti¹,

Hashemi

Abdollahi³

et al. 2021

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR) represent an important percentage of worldwide hydrocarbon reserves and production. The performance of naturally fractured gas condensate reservoirs would be more complicated regarding both rock and fluid effects. In contrast to the dual-porosity model, dual-porosity/dual-permeability (dual-permeability) model is considered as a modified model, in which flow to the wellbore occurs through both matrix and fracture systems. Fluid flow in gas condensate reservoirs usually demonstrates intricate flow behavior when the flowing bottom-hole pressure falls below the dew point. Accordingly, different regions with different characteristics are formed within the reservoir. These regions can be recognized by pressure transient analysis. Consequently, distinguishing between reservoir effects and fluid effects is challenging in these specific reservoirs and needs numerical simulation. The main objective of this paper is to examine the effect of condensate banking on the pressure behavior of lean and rich gas condensate NFRs through a simulation approach. Subsequently, evaluation of early-time characteristics of the pressure transient data is provided through a single well compositional simulation model. Then, drawdown, buildup, and multirate tests are conducted to establish the condition in which the flowing bottom-hole pressure drops below the dew point causing retrograde condensation. The simulation results are confirmed through well test analysis in both Iranian naturally fractured rich and lean gas condensate fields. Interpretations of simulation analysis revealed that the richer gas is more prone to condensation. When the pressure drops below the dew point, the pressure derivative curves in the rich gas system encounter a more shift to the right, and the trough becomes more pronounced as compared to the lean one.

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On the liquid condensate vertical migration near the production wells of gas-condensate reservoirs

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Wettability Alteration in Gas Condensate Reservoirs: A Critical Review of the Opportunities and Challenges

Wettability Alteration in Gas Condensate Reservoirs: A Critical Review of the Opportunities and Challenges

Implementation of Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) in Condensate Separator and Storage Vessel: A Case Study

Numerical Well Test Analysis of Condensate Dropout Effects in Dual-Permeability Model of Naturally Fractured Gas Condensate Reservoirs: Case Studies in the South of Iran

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