On the link between atmospheric cloud parameters and cosmic rays

Abstract

We herewith attempt to investigate the cosmic rays behavior regarding the scaling features of their time series. Our analysis is based on cosmic ray observations made at four neutron monitor stations in Athens (Greece), Jung (Switzerland) and Oulu (Finland), for the period 2000 to early 2017. Each of these datasets was analyzed by using the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA) in order to investigate intrinsic properties, like self-similarity and the spectrum of singularities. The main result obtained is that the cosmic rays time series at all the neutron monitor stations exhibit positive long-range correlations (of 1/f type) with multifractal behavior. On the other hand, we try to investigate the possible existence of similar scaling features in the time series of other meteorological parameters which are closely associated with the cosmic rays, such as parameters describing physical properties of clouds.

Scaling Features of Diurnal Variation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

“…This will allow us to perform a more systematic and detailed identification of trends in data, and perhaps in this way we may reveal further differences between the considered solar minima, as well as the magnetic polarity. Finally, in the next phase of our work, we plan to perform analysis of GCR diurnal variation using a multifractal-based approach (Kantelhardt et al, 2002;Ihlen, 2012;Christodoulakis et al, 2019). This may support a fuller description of the complexity of the data considered and shed more light on the GCR particle transport in the turbulent heliosphere.…”

“…when the particles are closely connected to the magnetic-field lines and the perpendicular transport origins in the random walk (Kóta and Jokipii, 2000). Recently, Christodoulakis et al (2019) investigated the scaling features of the GCR intensity for 2000 -2017 using NM data. They found that H -values were ≈ 1 for the whole period and consequently GCR intensity time series exhibit positive long-range correlations.…”

“…has also a highly fluctuating term at short temporal scales (from a few to dozens of days). Moreover, recent studies carried out by Christodoulakis et al (2019) and devoted to GCR intensity observed by selected NMs underlined the importance of considering smaller scales also. Therefore, the aim of this article is to analyze the scaling properties of the fluctuations of the GCR diurnal variation, focusing on relatively short temporal scales up to ≈ 100 days compared to the ≈ 11-year solar-activity cycle.…”

“…It is worth stressing that the Hurst exponent has been widely used in various aspects of space-weather studies (e.g. Takalo and Timonen, 1998;Wanliss, 2004;Panchev and Tsekov, 2007;De Michelis et al, 2021;Alberti, Consolini, and De Michelis, 2021), solar activity (Ruzmaikin, Feynman, and Robinson, 1994), or GCR intensity (Christodoulakis et al, 2019), but this is the first time that this parameter is applied for the description for the GCR diurnal variation.…”

On the fractal properties of Cosmic Rays and Sun Dynamics Cross-Correlations

“…In view of the fact that these previously described relationships have been studied and also the corresponding correlations, for example with some relationships between GCRs and clouds (see for example [20]). Thus it is important to understand not only the spectral and topological properties of the time series involved but also these same properties for the correlations of various connected phenomena.…”