Abstract:EDITOR 1269 and minus 1 kev. Assuming the A\ (p,y) resonance to lie at 993.3 kev we then found the F(p,y) resonance at 873.1 kev and the Li 7 (p,n)Be 7 threshold at 1880 kev agreeing with Herb, Snowden, and Sala's values to well within our voltage ripple. This scale then puts the T 3 (£,»)He 3 threshold at 1019"i + * kev, giving a Q value of -763.7 kev, where the mass factor used was 0.749s.Assuming zero-neutrino mass and a beta-ray end point of 18.3 kev this threshold measurement gives the n-H mass differenc… Show more
“…VAN DE GRAAFF and his collaborators as well as other authors have made many measurements to determine A and B [1], [21, [3], [4] and [5]. The results of all these measurements contradict the above theory namely AB always proved to be much smaller than 1.…”
Section: The Theory Of the Eleetron-ion Exchangecontrasting
Measurements have been made to investigate the mechanism of the breakdown in high vacuum and of the discharge preceding the breakdown. The results of the measurements have been at variance with the theory of VAN DE GRAAFF and TRUMP as well as with that of CRANBrnG and have clearly shown that the mechanism of a breakdown in high vacuum is identical with the events observed by BOYLE and al. at very low voltages. Thus ir was found possible to forro a uniform picture by which many already wellknown phenomena can be explained.
“…VAN DE GRAAFF and his collaborators as well as other authors have made many measurements to determine A and B [1], [21, [3], [4] and [5]. The results of all these measurements contradict the above theory namely AB always proved to be much smaller than 1.…”
Section: The Theory Of the Eleetron-ion Exchangecontrasting
Measurements have been made to investigate the mechanism of the breakdown in high vacuum and of the discharge preceding the breakdown. The results of the measurements have been at variance with the theory of VAN DE GRAAFF and TRUMP as well as with that of CRANBrnG and have clearly shown that the mechanism of a breakdown in high vacuum is identical with the events observed by BOYLE and al. at very low voltages. Thus ir was found possible to forro a uniform picture by which many already wellknown phenomena can be explained.
“…Maskrey and Dugdale (1966) suggested that impurity charging could occur by positive ions emitted at the anode following electron bombardment by beams emitted at the cathode. This seems unlikely in the present case in view of the small size of cathode impurity and the small value of the coefficient of positive ion production under electron impact (10-6 at 50 kV in a moderately clean oil pumped system, (Filosofo and Rostagni 1949)). In addition breakdowns were frequently observed from k-spot regions which were not favourably placed to receive positive ions, e.g.…”
Section: Model For Electroluminescence Breakdown Initiation and Elect...mentioning
Spectral intensity measurements have been made of the light emitted from discrete points on the surface of electrically stressed metal cathodes. DC and pulsed breakdown voltage measurements have also been made immediately following surface arcing treatment. These show that the significant differences occur between different electrode materials. It is shown that the phenomena of electroluminescence, electron emission and vacuum breakdown, are all consistent with a model based on the production of conducting filamentary channels, electroformed through surface oxide or oxide type impurities by the action of the applied field.
“…This effect has bee11 met by Bennett (1931), Anderson (19:3,5), and Heard and Lauer (1952). 3Ieasurements in recent years (Trump ancl Van de Graaff 1947;Filosofa and Rostagni 1949;Webster et ab. 1952) on the coefficients involved in process (d) have indicated that they are not large enough to account for breakdolvn.…”
An investigation of the electrical breakdown in vacuum of small gaps subject to contamination by diffusion pump oil showed that the most consistent results were obtained when electrodes were conditioned by a hydrogen discharge. Even with this method of conditioning a few preliminary sparks were usually required before the breakdown voltage reached a plateau level, so that the vacuum discharge itself could affect the final values obtained. The circuit parameters which controlled the discharge current were found t o influence the magnitude and consistency of the breakdown voltage appreciably.Direct, alternating, and impulse voltage tests showed that the time for which voltage was applied t o the vacuum gap influenced the breakdown voltage, and curves are presented which give the insulation strength of the gap. T\vo possible explanations of the time dependence of the breakdown voltage are given.
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