On the joining of steel and aluminium by means of a new friction melt bonding process

A review on friction-based joining of dissimilar aluminum–steel joints

“…FMB is a process to join Al-steel dissimilar materials in lap configuration with pin less shoulder as like FSB but without using the interlayer material. 147 In addition to this, the steel material is positioned above the Al base material as shown in Fig. 10(a), unlike FSB and FSSW.…”

“…Reaction of this localized melted Al and plasticized steel leads to joint formation. 147 Process parameters such as rotational speed, travel speed, shoulder diameters, tool tilt angle, and workpiece thicknesses are important to consider. In the case of thicknesses, FMB is recommended for low thickness workpieces.…”

“…Besides, workpiece materials of larger thicknesses cannot be joined due to problems in heat availability at the interface between Al-steel. Rest et al 147 Fe 2 Al 5 at steel side are formed during the FMB process. 147 Better tensile strength can be obtained with FMB for Al-steel joints after performing postweld heat treatment processes.…”

On the Prediction of Hot Tearing in Al-to-Steel Welding by Friction Melt Bonding

“…Friction melt bonding (FMB) has recently been developed to join sheets of dissimilar materials in a lap-joint configuration. [9,10] This process is adapted to weld materials showing large differences in melting temperature (i.e., aluminum and steel). In this process, sketched in Figure 1(a), the steel plate is heated up by a rotating cylindrical tool pressed against its upper surface.…”

Control of interfacial intermetallic compounds in Fe–Al joining by Zn addition

“…The mechanical properties of the welds, castings, sinters and coatings are strongly affected by the type, amount (thickness) and morphology of IMCs due to their hard and brittle nature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. It is well known that the thickness of IMCs should be controlled to less than 10 μm to obtain a sound dissimilar joint, e.g., Al/Mg [5], Al/Ti [6], Al/Cu [7], Mg/steel [8] and Al/steel [9]. Recently, Kim et al [2] found that by controlling the morphology of FeAl-type IMCs in cast steel, the ductility of the steel was significantly enhanced, which could alleviate the harmful effects of the hard and brittle nature of the IMCs.…”