On the issue of implementation of biomonitoring of the state of phytocenoses of the Green Book in the habitats of specially protected natural areas of the Bryansk Region

Abstract

The priority of conservation and biomonitoring of rare plant communities is relevant for the old developed region – Bryansk Region; the inventory of forest biocenoses of the Green Book of the region will allow not only to clarify the conservation significance of communities, but also to plan the development of a network of specially protected natural areas (SPNA), increasing their efficiency. The habitats of 10 natural monuments in the Bryansk Region were surveyed to identify and describe the forest communities of the Green Book, represented by oak and ash forest formations. For the purposes of biomonitoring of phytocenoses with the analysis of syntaxonomic diversity, we created observation bases – phytocenotic tables – for six associations and one subassociation. The article presents for the first time the presence of biocenoses of the rare subassociation Mercurialo perennis-Quercetum roboris carpinetosum betuli Bulokhov et Solomeshch in Bulokhov et Semenishchenkov 2015 in the natural monument “Khutor Lyubin” of the Novozybkovsky district, the rare association Ulmo laevis-Fraxinetum excelsioris Bulokhov et Semenishchenkov 2008 – for the “Old park in Lyalichi” of the Surazh district, Bryansk Region. The diversity of the ecological and phytocenotic structure of the studied forest communities is determined by the differentiation of habitats, the presence of a buffer zone, the area of protected natural areas, and the stage of demutational restorative post-anthropogenic successions. It is noted that the cenotic and structural characteristics of rare and reference forest communities correspond to the model descriptions in the Green Book of the Bryansk Region. Using the method of ecological-floristic classification by J. Braun-Blanquet (1964), a new subassociation with the participation of Sanicula europaea L. was established, which reveals the heterogeneity of biotopes and a favorable phytocenotic environment of a regionally rare species. The units of ecological-floristic classification of forest biocenoses made it possible to establish the presence of valuable biotopes of the EUNIS-ESy system (2020) as criterion features: category T – “Forest and other wooded lands” with four species: T1B, T19, T13, T1E. The conducted studies as an experience of long-term studies of communities of the unique nature conservation catalog of the Green Book will contribute to the preparation and publication of similar lists and solution of the problem of protection of plant communities in Russia.