On the Intra- and Interindividual Differences in the Meaning of Smileys

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that the Faces Scale is more sensitive to the emotional component of job satisfaction than other scales. This study investigated underlying processes and tested whether state affect and neuroticism covary with respondents’ evaluations of each face’s meaning. Seventy-five participants repeatedly judged single schematic faces as looking satisfied or unsatisfied. Participants made 11,025 two-alternative, forced-choice judgments about a variety of eleven faces. Results showed that faces appeared more satisfied to those who reported good mood and lower neuroticism (assimilation effect). In addition, there was a significant range effect of scale composition: In a range including five smiling faces, a face showing a mild smile was more often judged as looking unsatisfied than in a range including five frowning faces. Moreover, a significant interaction between range and neuroticism indicated stronger range effects in those participants who reported higher neuroticism than others. The implications for the use of the Faces Scale in work and organizational psychology are discussed.

Exploring Supervisor-Related Job Resources as Mediators between Supervisor Conflict and Job Attitudes in Hospital Employees

“…The Kunin faces scale [34] we used asked “How satisfied do you currently feel with your work?” with 11 faces as response options as developed and validated by Elfering and Grebner [35] and verbal labels placed under the faces [“very unsatisfied” (0) to “very satisfied” (10)]. The reliability and validity of the Kunin faces scale was demonstrated by Wanous et al [23] .…”

Today's work experience: Precursors of both how I feel and how I think about my job?

“…To our knowledge this is the first time-based experience sampling study that compared two measures of current JS with respect to previous work experience. Based on AET, the study hypothesised that current state affect and valence of work experiences would be closely associated with KFS, a measure of JS measure that is more focused on the affective component of JS than with the job facets scale, that is more cognitive in nature , 2011. The hypothesis was partly confirmed for state affect and by ICC that showed more daily variability in KFS than in the facets measure.…”

Increased Working From Home in Vocational Counseling Psychologists During COVID-19: Associated Change in Productivity and Job Satisfaction

“…The Kunin faces question (KFQ) was used to measure job satisfaction ( Kunin, 1955 ). The KFQ is a single-item measure of overall satisfaction that focuses primarily on the affective component of job satisfaction compared with other scales ( Elfering and Grebner, 2011 ; Elfering et al, 2016 ). The KFQ asked “How satisfied do you currently feel with your work?” This measure was assessed with seven smiley faces with written labels, ranging from a deep frown (1 = very unsatisfied) to a large smile (7 = very satisfied).…”