On the Interaction between PEDOT:PSS Dispersions and Aluminium Electrodes for Solid State Electrolytic Capacitors

Abstract

The use of conductive polymers in aluminium electrolytic capacitors prevents leakage and enlarges the temperature use range when compared with their liquid counterparts. PEDOT:PSS is an outstanding candidate due to its tunable properties, i.e., electronic conductivity (10−5 to 103 S/cm), and its high thermal stability. As a result of their synthesis, PEDOT:PSS dispersions are characterized by a low pH value, which can influence pH sensitive materials such as aluminium. However, no work to date has studied the interaction between PEDOT:PSS dispersions and aluminium oxide substrates. In this work, the interface and interaction between PEDOT:PSS and an aluminium electrode were studied for the first time via odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and analysed post mortem by SEM and AFM characterization. PEDOT:PSS dispersions at different pH values (1.9, 4.9, 5.8) were applied in a layered manner onto a non-etched aluminium substrate with a grown oxide layer on top, which provided a model system for the analysis of the interface. The analysis showed that the acidic PEDOT:PSS dispersions attacked the aluminium substrate, forming pores on the surface, but had a positive impact on the capacitance of the aluminium oxide/PEDOT:PSS systems. On the other hand, neutral dispersions did not affect the aluminium electrode, but showed poor layer formation properties, and the electrochemical analysis displayed a dispersion of results ranging from capacitive to resistive behaviour.