On the influence of the source of porcine colostrum in the development of early immune ontogeny in piglets

Abstract

The effects on the ontogeny of serum cytokines and immune cells caused by feeding suckling piglets with sow/gilt colostrum and milk replacer was assessed in the present study. After farrowing, the piglets born were randomized into six groups: GG and SS (n = 10/group): piglets were kept with their dam; GS (n = 10): piglets were changed from gilts to sows; SG (n = 10): piglets were changed from sows to gilts; GMR (n = 6) and SMR (n = 8): piglets from either gilts or sows were isolated from the dams and were bottle-fed ad libitum with commercial formula milk replacer. The piglets remained in the groups during the first 24 h of life and were later returned to their respective mothers. Serum immunoglobulin concentration and lymphocyte proliferation from the blood, spleen, thymus, and mesenteric lymph node of the piglets were assessed at 24 h and at 28 days of age. Serum cytokine concentrations were measured through a cytokine multiplex assay at 24 h. Overall, piglets suckling on sows (SS and GS) had a higher concentration of serum immunoglobulin at 24 h, which was also associated with a rise in plasma cytokine concentration and greater ability of B and T cells from lymphatic organs and blood mononuclear cells to respond to mitogens. We suggest a bias towards Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-cell polarizing and cytokines during the suckling period, which may be influenced by maternal immunological factors in the colostrum, such as dam parity. All findings suggest sow parity having a possible role, which may contribute to exerting a modulating action on immune response development.

Influence of porcine parity on colostrum cytokine levels and their passive transfer to piglets

“…These findings suggest that the serum cytokines in neonatal piglets originate from colostrum. As piglets are more susceptible to infection than adult swine due to their immature immune system (Maciag et al, 2022b), the transfer of colostral cytokines to neonates may enhance their immune responses against infections (Nguyen et al, 2007). The transfer of smaller immunomodulatory molecules, such as cytokines, from colostrum occurs before gut closure and enhances general systemic immune responses.…”

Immunological profile of mice immunized with a polyvalent virosome-based influenza vaccine

“…CFSE combination with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) enabled concomitant access to cell proliferation and activation status of cell subpopulations. Proliferation was detected by loss of CFSE uorescence (Maciag et al, 2022). Flow cytometry analysis was performed to identify and quantify lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3e, CD4, CD8α, CD19, CD45R/B220 and sIgM mAbs), to measure the levels of cellular activation and mature resting marker expression (CD23, CD25 and CD69 mAbs), and cellular memory marker expression (CD62L and CD44 mAbs) (Becton Dickinson; Table 5).…”

Immunological profile of mice immunized with a polyvalent virosome-based influenza vaccine

“…Viable spleen cells were thawed and suspended in DPBS at a concentration of 5 × 10 6 cells/mL and labeled with 2.5 µM carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) by applying the CellTrace™ CFSE Cell Proliferation kit (Invitrogen), according to previous reports [ 36 ]. After CFSE labeling, splenocytes were resuspended in complete RPMI 1640 medium, plated in 24-well plates (5 × 10 6 cells/well).…”

“…CFSE in combination with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) enabled concomitant access to cell proliferation and activation status of cell subpopulations. Proliferation was detected by loss of CFSE fluorescence [ 36 ]. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to identify and quantify lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3e, CD4, CD8α, CD19, CD45R/B220 and sIgM mAbs), to measure the levels of cellular activation and mature resting marker expression (CD23, CD25 and CD69 mAbs), and cellular memory marker expression (CD62L and CD44 mAbs) (Becton Dickinson; Table 1 ).…”