On the influence of space holder in the development of porous titanium implants: Mechanical, computational and biological evaluation

Muñoz, Sergio; Pavón, Juan José; Rodríguez-Ortiz, José Antonio; Civantos, Ana; Allain, Jean Paul; Torres, Yadir

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2015.08.019

Cited by 58 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Considering the advantages and disadvantages of the experimental techniques to evaluate the Young's modulus of porous material, in this work, it has been evaluated following the two methods above mentioned (uniaxial compression test and ultrasounds technique), obtaining a higher value by ultrasounds than compression test (35 GPa vs 19 GPa, respectively). It has been previously reported by some of authors of this work [33,34,37,38] that there is a discrepancy between the value obtained by applying both experimental techniques. In Ni-Ti materials, this difference in the measured values is related to a super-elastic deformation within the linear-elastic range; it has been observed that, by the ultrasound technique, stiffness decreases for higher porosity values, according to the elastic Eshelby-based theory for closed, spherical porosity [39].…”

Section: Mechanical Behavior Of Porous Titanium Cylinderscontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…The authors of this work have already reported roughness similar to those shown here for porous c.p. Ti samples manufacturing by conventional powder metallurgy and space-holder technique patterns (staircase-like) and levels (micrometric scale) [32][33][34][35]. In this context, the role of surface roughness inside pores on cell differentiation and osteoblast adhesion has to be discussed.…”

Section: Fabrication Of the Porous Titanium Substrates Using Cryogenimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porous Titanium Cylinders Obtained by the Freeze-Casting Technique: Influence of Process Parameters on Porosity and Mechanical Behavior

Trueba

Beltrán

Bayo

et al. 2020

Metals

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The discrepancy between the stiffness of commercially pure titanium and cortical bone tissue compromises its success as a biomaterial. The use of porous titanium has been widely studied, however, it is still challenging to obtain materials able to replicate the porous structure of the bones (content, size, morphology and distribution). In this work, the freeze-casting technique is used to manufacture cylinders with elongated porosity, using a home-made and economical device. The relationship between the processing parameters (diameter and material of the mold, temperature gradient), microstructural features and mechanical properties is established and discussed, in terms of ensuring biomechanical and biofunctional balance. The cylinders have a gradient porosity suitable for use in dentistry, presenting higher Young’s modulus at the bottom, near the cold spot and, therefore better mechanical resistance (it would be in contact with a prosthetic crown), while the opposite side, the hot spot, has bigger, elongated pores and walls.

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Section: Mechanical Behavior Of Porous Titanium Cylinderscontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Fabrication Of the Porous Titanium Substrates Using Cryogenimentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Titanium Cylinders Obtained by the Freeze-Casting Technique: Influence of Process Parameters on Porosity and Mechanical Behavior

Trueba

Beltrán

Bayo

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…There was a reduction in the porosity of the Ti blends containing percentages of CNT of 5% and 10% after 10 h synterization, with marked structural differences compared to the results obtained by the authors in previous works, especially those related to the minimum acceptable structural characteristics and porosity features of the samples, which can be explained in terms of the processing conditions used in our previous works. For example, the porous sample containing c.p Ti only (named S1), the long sintering time required here (10 h) was due to low values of both compaction pressure and sintering temperature used during the fabrication process (20 MPa and 900°C, respectively).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Balancing biofunctional and biomechanical properties using porous titanium reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Pavón

López

Mondragón

et al. 2018

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Despite the well‐known advantages of the titanium‐based implant systems, they still lack an optimal balance between biofunctionality and mechanical strength, especially regarding the modulation of cellular response and a desired implant osseointegration. In this work, we fabricated a nanocomposite based on porous commercially pure grade 4 titanium (c.p. Ti) reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) at 5% and 10% w/w, with the aim of obtaining a nanocomposite with lower stiffness compared to traditional titanium‐based implants and with the mechanical strength and bioactivity owed by the CNT. Results obtained by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy characterization showed that the CNT dispersed and incorporated into the porous c.p. Ti matrix. Interestingly, CNT were associated with a higher twining within neighbor Ti grains, which was indeed consistent with an increased in nano‐hardness. Biological evaluation by MTT and Comet assay revealed that the nanocomposites did not induce genotoxicity and cytotoxicity on two different cells lines despite the presence of nickel at the surface. Accordingly, a purification step would be required before these CNT can be used for biomedical applications. Our results indicate that incorporation of CNT into porous c.p. Ti is a promising avenue to achieve an adequate balance between biofunctionality and mechanical strength in Ti‐based scaffolds for tissue replacement. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 719–731, 2019.

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“…Some of them have used very simplistic approximations with two-dimensional (2D) FE models based on periodically distributed circular pores geometries [40], while others have develop complex three-dimensional (3D) FE models based on microstructural information of the pore morphology [41,42], whose complexity makes their extensive use unfeasible. In order to overcome this difficulty, a 2D finite element model was proposed by these authors in previous work [43,44]. In this current work, a very comprehensive investigation has been carried out with the aim of achieving a better understanding of the powder metallurgy process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Compaction Pressure and Sintering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Castillo

Muñoz

Trueba

et al. 2019

Metals

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In the present work, the use of porous titanium is proposed as a solution to the difference in stiffness between the implant and bone tissue, avoiding the bone resorption. Conventional powder metallurgical technique is an industrially established route for fabrication of this type of material. The results are discussed in terms of the influence of compaction pressure and sintering temperature on the porosity (volumetric fraction, size, and morphology) and the quality of the sintering necks. A very good agreement between the predicted values obtained using a simple 2D finite element model, the experimental uniaxial compression behavior, and the analytical model proposed by Nielsen, has been found for both the Young’s modulus and the yield strength. The porous samples obtained by the loose sintering technique and using temperatures between 1000 °C −1100 °C (about 40% of total porosity) are recommended for achieving a suitable biomechanical behavior for cortical bone partial replacement.

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On the influence of space holder in the development of porous titanium implants: Mechanical, computational and biological evaluation

Cited by 58 publications

References 19 publications

Porous Titanium Cylinders Obtained by the Freeze-Casting Technique: Influence of Process Parameters on Porosity and Mechanical Behavior

Porous Titanium Cylinders Obtained by the Freeze-Casting Technique: Influence of Process Parameters on Porosity and Mechanical Behavior

Balancing biofunctional and biomechanical properties using porous titanium reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Influence of the Compaction Pressure and Sintering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

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