On the influence of interactions between phases on the mechanical stability of retained austenite in transformation-induced plasticity multiphase steels

Jacques, Pascal; Ladrière, Jean; Delannay, Francis

doi:10.1007/s11661-001-1027-4

Cited by 341 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Correspondingly, during the initial stage of deformation the effective strength of the sample with the [1 1 1] A -loaded grain is higher than that of ferrite-based matrix, see figure 4, since the generation of a relatively stiff martensitic product phase increases the average stress level in the sample. This effect is confirmed by experiments, see [1,27]. In contrast, the sample with the [1 0 0] A -loaded grain initially has a lower strength than the ferrite-based matrix, since the effective transformation strain is considerably larger in that orientation [25].…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Numerical modelling of transformation-induced damage and plasticity in metals

Suiker¹,

Turteltaub²

2006

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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In multiphase carbon steels, irreversible martensitic transformations from a parent austenitic phase are often accompanied by plastic deformations in the surrounding phases and damage growth in the martensitic product phase. In the present communication the interactions between these complex processes are studied through three-dimensional numerical analyses, where the response of the austenitic phase is simulated using a phase-changing damage model and the response of the surrounding matrix is mimicked with a plasticity model. A numerical update algorithm is provided for the phase-changing damage model, which is based on a fully implicit backward Euler scheme formulated within the framework of finite deformations. The consistent tangent operator for the model is computed using a numerical differentiation technique. Special attention is given to the robust and accurate treatment of the various constraints related to the volume fractions and damaged volume fractions of the transformation parent and product phases. The numerical analyses of a multiphase carbon steel microstructure illustrate the effect of the transformation, plasticity and damage processes on the overall stress-strain response and on the transformation and damage evolutions of the sample for various austenite crystal orientations. The computed responses are in qualitative agreement with experimental results reported in the literature. In terms of the numerical model, a variation study of the mesh density shows that the numerical results tend to converge upon mesh refinement.

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Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Numerical modelling of transformation-induced damage and plasticity in metals

Suiker¹,

Turteltaub²

2006

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…The height of the half-pyramids is 0.75L. Since typical grains of RA have a characteristic length of about 2 µm [3], we take L = 1 µm. The initial volume of the RA grain is approximately equal to 15% of the overall sample volume.…”

Section: Geometry and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vectors are formulated with respect to the ferrite lattice basis. (35)) [3]. In the calibration procedure, the poly-crystalline response is simulated by combining the present crystal plasticity model with a Taylor averaging procedure [34].…”

Section: Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A typical TRIP steel microstructure consists of ferrite as the dominant phase, retained austenite (RA), bainite and occasionally small fractions of thermal martensite. The stability of RA at room temperature is provided through a controlled thermal processing route to carbon-enrich the austenite and the addition of alloying elements such as silicon and aluminium to suppress cementite formation, as well as through the constraining effect of the surrounding phases [3,4]. When subjected to mechanical loading, the RA may transform into martensite, which is a relatively hard phase that generally increases the overall strength of the TRIP steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling of the effects of grain orientation on transformation-induced plasticity in multiphase carbon steels

Tjahjanto

Turteltaub

Suiker

et al. 2006

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The effects of grain orientation on transformation-induced plasticity in multiphase steels are studied through three-dimensional finite element simulations. The boundary value problems analysed concern a uniaxiallyloaded sample consisting of a grain of retained austenite surrounded by multiple grains of ferrite. For the ferritic phase, a rate-dependent crystal plasticity model is used that describes the elasto-plastic behaviour of body-centred cubic crystalline structures under large deformations. In this model, the criticalresolved shear stress for plastic slip consists of an evolving slip resistance and a stress-dependent term that corresponds to the projection of the stress tensor on a non-glide plane (i.e. a non-Schmid stress). For the austenitic phase, the transformation model developed by Turteltaub and Suiker (2006 Int. J. Solids Struct. at press, 2005 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 53 1747 is employed. This model simulates the displacive phase transformation of a face-centred cubic austenite into a body-centred tetragonal martensite under external mechanical loading. The effective transformation kinematics and the effective anisotropic elastic stiffness components in the model are derived from lower-scale information that follows from the crystallographic theory of martensitic transformations. In the boundary value problems studied, the mutual interaction between the transforming austenitic grain and the plastically deforming ferritic matrix is computed for several grain orientations. From the simulation results, specific combinations of austenitic and ferritic crystalline orientations are identified that either increase or decrease the effective strength of the material. This information is useful to further improve the mechanical properties of multiphase carbon steels. In order to quantify the anisotropic 1 Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.

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“…It is well documented that the realization of the TRIP effect depends on a combination of various microstructural characteristics, such as (1) the volume fraction of the RA; (2) the morphology and size/thickness of the RA crystals; (3) the carbon content of the RA; (4) the location of the RA, if dealing with multiphase steel; and (5) the dislocation density of the BF. [27,28] The lowering of carbon content in the steel composition could be partially compensated by the formation of low-carbon polygonal ferrite and careful control of morphology and distribution of phases in the microstructure. [29] The effectiveness of this approach, in particular, will also be evaluated in this work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Behavior of Advanced High-Strength Steels Using Atom Probe Tomography

Pereloma

Beladi

Zhang

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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The key evidence for understanding the mechanical behavior of advanced high strength steels was provided by atom probe tomography (APT). Chemical overstabilization of retained austenite (RA) leading to the limited transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect was deemed to be the main factor responsible for the low ductility of nanostructured bainitic steel. Appearance of the yield point on the stress-strain curve of prestrained and bake-hardened transformationinduced plasticity steel is due to the unlocking from weak carbon atmospheres of newly formed during prestraining dislocations.

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On the influence of interactions between phases on the mechanical stability of retained austenite in transformation-induced plasticity multiphase steels

Cited by 341 publications

References 43 publications

Numerical modelling of transformation-induced damage and plasticity in metals

Numerical modelling of transformation-induced damage and plasticity in metals

Modelling of the effects of grain orientation on transformation-induced plasticity in multiphase carbon steels

Understanding the Behavior of Advanced High-Strength Steels Using Atom Probe Tomography

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