On the in-situ aluminothermic reduction of manganese oxides in continuous galvanizing baths

Kavitha, R.; McDermid, Joseph R.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.09.038

Cited by 53 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, in the case of the external MnO layer observed for all annealing conditions in the present study, it has been shown that MnO can be reduced by Al in the galvanizing zinc bath through aluminothermic reduction. 15,17) Based on the kinetic model proposed by Kavitha and McDermid,17) it is expected that MnO layers with a thickness less than 85 nm can be aluminothermically reduced during a 4 s immersion in a 0.20 wt% Al (dissolved) galvanizing bath. Thus, the widely spaced 44 nm external MnO on the 963 K × 120 s sample could be reduced by the bath whereas the thicker 121 nm compact morphology of the 1 073 K × 120 s sample could not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the pre-immersion surface oxides of this sample comprised a fine and widely-spaced nodule-like structure with thinner oxides between them, during immersion in the Zn(Al,Fe) bath, the liquid alloy could penetrate into the steel substrate, lifting up the surface oxides, while simultaneously the 44 nm thick external MnO layer was fully or partially reduced through aluminothermic reduction. Both of these mechanisms would expose the underlying substrate to dissolution 15,17) and the observed formation of the Fe 2 Al 5 Zn X layer at the interface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it has been established that MnO can decompose during immersion in the zinc bath through in-situ aluminothermic reduction. 6,15,17) In other cases, reactive wetting of surfaces comprising widely spaced oxide nodules has been reported. 13,14,18) It has also been reported that infiltration and lift-off of the oxides by the bath alloy through cracks at the oxide/substrate interface can aid in the reactive wetting process.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Selective Oxidation and Reactive Wetting of a 0.1C-6Mn-2Si Advanced High Strength Steel During Continuous Galvanizing Heat Treatments

Pourmajidian

McDermid

2018

ISIJ Int.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Selective Oxidation and Reactive Wetting of a 0.1C-6Mn-2Si Advanced High Strength Steel During Continuous Galvanizing Heat Treatments

Pourmajidian

McDermid

2018

ISIJ Int.

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“…4,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17] The method most relevant to this study is the promotion of internal oxidation over external oxidation. This transition can be induced by raising the dewpoint of the annealing furnace atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Surface Microstructure on Oxidation of a CMnSi Advanced High Strength Steel

Story¹,

Webler²

2017

ISIJ Int.

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The work presented here demonstrated that changes to the near-surface microstructure could promote internal oxidation in a CMnSi advanced high strength steel (AHSS) grade. The starting material was industrially-supplied cold-rolled sheet. Samples with this microstructure were compared against two other conditions: annealed at 1 200°C and 850°C prior to oxidation. The surface regions of both annealed samples were decarburized. All samples were then oxidized at 850°C in an argon atmosphere with approximately 10 − 20 atm oxygen for 5-90 minutes. The oxidation treatments were performed in a high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM) setup that enabled in-situ visualization of surface oxide formation. Analysis of CSLM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of sample surfaces indicated there were differences in oxide morphology and coverage between samples with different starting microstructures. Cold-rolled samples showed little internal oxidation but extensive external oxidation. Samples annealed prior to oxidation exhibited both internal and external oxidation. The differences in behavior were attributed to the formation of a decarburized surface layer during the pre-anneal, which led to ferritic iron near the surface. Another result of the pre-anneal was a reduction in dislocation density, which potentially led to fewer preferential nucleation sites for oxides very close to the sample surface.

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“…Metales refractarios como el titanio puede ser obtenido mediante el proceso de aluminotermia convencional (Kavitha y Mcdermid, 2012;Atasoy, 2010). En este proceso, el Al reacciona con el óxido metálico (TiO 2 ) a través del suministro de calor por quema de un elemento resistivo, de modo que la reacción se propaga por todo el volumen, generando un concentrado rico en Ti metálico y Al 2 O 3 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Reducción Aluminotérmica del Óxido de Titanio (TiO2) por Plasma de Cátodo Hueco

et al. 2013

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ResumenSe ha investigado la producción de titanio metálico (Ti) mediante de la reducción de óxido de titanio (TiO 2 ) por técnica de reducción aluminotérmica, usando plasma de hidrógeno como desencadenante de la reacción. El polvo de TiO 2 y Al utilizados se procesaron previamente por molienda de alta energía durante 4, 6 y 10 h. Se realizó también un estudio de análisis térmico, con el objetivo de conocer la temperatura de reacción para el proceso aluminotérmico de la mezcla TiO 2 -Al. El producto obtenido fue caracterizado mediante difractometría de rayos y microscopia electrónica de barrido, y se usó el método Rietveld para el refino en la determinación de la estructura. Los resultados comprueban la existencia de titanio metálico en el producto de la reacción aluminotérmica, cuando se utiliza el proceso de plasma. Palabras clave: titanio, oxido de titanio, reducción aluminotérmica, plasma de cátodo hueco AbstractThe production of metallic titanium (Ti) through the reduction of titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) by aluminothermic reduction technique, using hydrogen plasma to trigger the reaction has been investigated. Titanium oxide and aluminum powders were previously processed by high energy grinding during 4, 6 and 10h. Also, a thermal analysis study was done to know the temperature for the aluminothermic process in TiO 2 -Al mixtures. The product obtained was characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy and Rietveld method was used in the microstructure refinement. The results show that is possible to obtain a titanium rich compound through the hollow cathode plasma technique.

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On the in-situ aluminothermic reduction of manganese oxides in continuous galvanizing baths

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Selective Oxidation and Reactive Wetting of a 0.1C-6Mn-2Si Advanced High Strength Steel During Continuous Galvanizing Heat Treatments

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Selective Oxidation and Reactive Wetting of a 0.1C-6Mn-2Si Advanced High Strength Steel During Continuous Galvanizing Heat Treatments

Effect of Surface Microstructure on Oxidation of a CMnSi Advanced High Strength Steel

Reducción Aluminotérmica del Óxido de Titanio (TiO2) por Plasma de Cátodo Hueco

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