On the identities of Neotropical Stegana species (Diptera, Drosophilidae). I. Redescription of Stegana magnifica Hendel, 1913 and Stegana fumipennis (Enderlein, 1922)

Abstract

Two conspicuous Steganinae species, Stegana (Steganina) magnifica Hendel, 1913 from Amazonian Peru and Stegana (Ceratostylus) fumipennis (Enderlein, 1922) from southern Brazil, are redescribed based on holotypes, and their identities are clarified. Both species are exclusive to the Neotropical Region and the first, with a body length of about 5.5 mm, is the largest species of Stegana described so far in this region, while the latter displays a peculiar antenna bearing an unusual, forward-projected, comma-shaped flagellomere 1. The photomicrographs of the habitus and terminalia of each specimen are also provided.

On the identities of Neotropical Stegana species (Diptera, Drosophilidae). II. Stegana acutangula (Hendel) and Stegana triseta (Duda), with descriptions of three new closely related species

“…The habitus of each specimen was photomicrographed with the rear camera of a Samsung Galaxy S8 smartphone, which was attached to the right eyepiece of a Wild M3 stereomicroscope through a magnetic plate of a clothespin-shaped plastic adapter, as previously shown (Vilela and Bächli, 2020). Objective lenses of 1.6×, and 4× were used, and the camera was set to default or optically zoomed to 2×, 3×, or 4× with the autofocus mode disabled.…”

“…A series of pictures were taken at consecutively increasing depths of focus for each selected view. The image series were mostly stacked using the "All Methods" algorithm of the open-source software CombineZP (Hadley, 2010), yielding an in focus (Vilela and Prieto, 2018, Vilela and Bächli, 2019, 2020.…”

“…In our opinion, all of these species are best included in the subgenus Orthostegana Hendel . This is the second of a series of papers that are intended to clarify the identities of species belonging to the Neotropical Stegana (Vilela and Bächli, 2020).…”

Teunomyces gombertii f.a., sp. nov., Teunomyces landelliae f.a., sp. nov., Teunomyces ledahaglerae f.a., sp. nov. and Teunomyces paulamoraisiae f.a., sp. nov., four yeast species isolated from mushrooms and drosophilids in a Brazilian Amazonian rainforest biome

“…We followed the mycological nomenclature and classification of Kirk et al [18]. The flies were identified based on external morphology and, when possible, by male and female terminalia as described in literature [19][20][21][22][23]. This material was deposited in…”