On the Ice-nucleating Ability of Rock-forming Minerals and Soil Particles&amp;lowast

Isono, K.; Ikebe, Yukimasa

doi:10.2151/jmsj1923.38.5_213

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…More effective nucleation scavenging of hygroscopic particles containing

{SO}_{4}^{2 -}

at lower altitudes in the form of CCN would limit their ability to reach higher altitudes where deeper clouds produce snow. At those higher altitudes, dust particles can serve as effective IN (Isono and Ikebe, 1960; Kumai, 1961; Twohy and Gandrud, 1998; Heintzenberg et al, 1996; DeMott et al, 2003a, b; Sassen et al, 2003; Czizco et al, 2004; Koehler et al, 2007; Prenni et al, 2007; Zimmermann et al, 2008), and as noted already, they contain enhanced levels of

{NO}_{3}^{-}

due to reactions with HNO 3 (e.g. Malm et al, 2004; Lee et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Hutchings et al (2009) focused on monsoon clouds near Flagstaff, Arizona and suggested that windblown soils serve as CCN and can be found in cloud water. It is widely accepted that dust particles act as both CCN (Levin et al, 1996; Rosenfeld et al, 2001; Koehler et al, 2007) and IN (Isono and Ikebe, 1960; Kumai, 1961; Twohy and Gandrud, 1998; Heintzenberg et al, 1996; DeMott et al, 2003a, b; Sassen et al, 2003; Cziczo et al, 2004; Koehler et al, 2007; Prenni et al, 2009; Zimmermann et al, 2008), which is important for the Southwest as it has the highest dust concentrations in the United States (e.g. Malm et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol and precipitation chemistry in the southwestern United States: spatiotemporal trends and interrelationships

et al. 2013

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This study characterizes the spatial and temporal patterns of aerosol and precipitation composition at six sites across the United States Southwest between 1995 and 2010. Precipitation accumulation occurs mostly during the wintertime (December–February) and during the monsoon season (July–September). Rain and snow pH levels are usually between 5–6, with crustal-derived species playing a major role in acid neutralization. These species (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+) exhibit their highest concentrations between March and June in both PM2.5 and precipitation due mostly to dust. Crustal-derived species concentrations in precipitation exhibit positive relationships with SO42−, NO3−, and Cl–, suggesting that acidic gases likely react with and partition to either crustal particles or hydrometeors enriched with crustal constituents. Concentrations of particulate SO42− show a statistically significant correlation with rain SO42− unlike snow SO42−, which may be related to some combination of the vertical distribution of SO42− (and precursors) and the varying degree to which SO42−-enriched particles act as cloud condensation nuclei versus ice nuclei in the region. The coarse : fine aerosol mass ratio was correlated with crustal species concentrations in snow unlike rain, suggestive of a preferential role of coarse particles (mainly dust) as ice nuclei in the region. Precipitation NO3− : SO42− ratios exhibit the following features with potential explanations discussed: (i) they are higher in precipitation as compared to PM2.5; (ii) they exhibit the opposite annual cycle compared to particulate NO3− : SO42− ratios; and (iii) they are higher in snow relative to rain during the wintertime. Long-term trend analysis for the monsoon season shows that the NO3− : SO42− ratio in rain increased at the majority of sites due mostly to air pollution regulations of SO42− precursors.

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“…More effective nucleation scavenging of hygroscopic particles containing

{SO}_{4}^{2 -}

{NO}_{3}^{-}

due to reactions with HNO 3 (e.g. Malm et al, 2004; Lee et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol and precipitation chemistry in the southwestern United States: spatiotemporal trends and interrelationships

et al. 2013

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“…Isono and Ibeke (1960) and Pinti et al (2012) show that kaolinites, montmorillonites and illites from different sources can have different physical and chemical properties. Zimmermann et al (2008) point out that the chemical composition of minerals, in particular of montmorillonite and illite, can be highly variable.…”

Section: Comparison Of Different Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments

2012

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Abstract.A small subset of the atmospheric aerosol population has the ability to induce ice formation at conditions under which ice would not form without them (heterogeneous ice nucleation). While no closed theoretical description of this process and the requirements for good ice nuclei is available, numerous studies have attempted to quantify the ice nucleation ability of different particles empirically in laboratory experiments. In this article, an overview of these results is provided. Ice nucleation "onset" conditions for various mineral dust, soot, biological, organic and ammonium sulfate particles are summarized. Typical temperaturesupersaturation regions can be identified for the "onset" of ice nucleation of these different particle types, but the various particle sizes and activated fractions reported in different studies have to be taken into account when comparing results obtained with different methodologies. When intercomparing only data obtained under the same conditions, it is found that dust mineralogy is not a consistent predictor of higher or lower ice nucleation ability. However, the broad majority of studies agrees on a reduction of deposition nucleation by various coatings on mineral dust. The ice nucleation active surface site (INAS) density is discussed as a simple and empirical normalized measure for ice nucleation activity. For most immersion and condensation freezing measurements on mineral dust, estimates of the temperature-dependent INAS density agree within about two orders of magnitude. For deposition nucleation on dust, the spread is significantly larger, but a general trend of increasing INAS densities with increasing supersaturation is found. For soot, the presently available results are divergent. Estimated average INAS densities are high for ice-nucleation active bacteria at high subzero temperatures. At the same time, it is shown that INAS densities of some other biological aerosols, like certain pollen grains, fungal spores and diatoms, tend to be similar to those of dust. These particles may owe their high ice nucleation onsets to their large sizes. Surface-area-dependent parameterizations of heterogeneous ice nucleation are discussed. For immersion freezing on mineral dust, fitted INAS densities are available, but should not be used outside the temperature interval of the data they were based on. Classical nucleation theory, if employed with only one fitted contact angle, does not reproduce the observed temperature dependence for immersion nucleation, the temperature and supersaturation dependence for deposition nucleation, and the time dependence of ice nucleation. Formulations of classical nucleation theory with distributions of contact angles offer possibilities to overcome these weaknesses.

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“…Several laboratory studies have confirmed that soil dusts may include much more efficient INPs than desert dusts and clay minerals [Isono and Ikebe, 1960;Fornea et al, 2009;Conen et al, 2011;O'Sullivan et al, 2014;Tobo et al, 2014]. Therefore, soil dusts may initiate the formation of ice in droplet and mixed-phase clouds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice nucleation activity of agricultural soil dust aerosols from Mongolia, Argentina, and Germany

et al. 2016

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Soil dust particles emitted from agricultural areas contain considerable mass fractions of organic material. Also, soil dust particles may act as carriers for potentially ice‐active biological particles. In this work, we present ice nucleation experiments conducted in the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) cloud chamber. We investigated the ice nucleation efficiency of four types of soil dust from different regions of the world. The results are expressed as ice nucleation active surface site (INAS) densities and presented for the immersion freezing and the deposition nucleation mode. For immersion freezing occurring at 254 K, samples from Argentina, China, and Germany show ice nucleation efficiencies which are by a factor of 10 higher than desert dusts. On average, the difference in ice nucleation efficiencies between agricultural and desert dusts becomes significantly smaller at temperatures below 247 K. In the deposition mode the soil dusts showed higher ice nucleation activity than Arizona Test Dust over a temperature range between 232 and 248 K and humidities RHice up to 125%. INAS densities varied between 109 and 1011 m−2 for these thermodynamic conditions. For one soil dust sample (Argentinian Soil), the effect of treatments with heat was investigated. Heat treatments (383 K) did not affect the ice nucleation efficiency observed at 249 K. This finding presumably excludes proteinaceous ice‐nucleating entities as the only source of the increased ice nucleation efficiency.

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On the Ice-nucleating Ability of Rock-forming Minerals and Soil Particles&lowast

Cited by 43 publications

References 15 publications

Aerosol and precipitation chemistry in the southwestern United States: spatiotemporal trends and interrelationships

Aerosol and precipitation chemistry in the southwestern United States: spatiotemporal trends and interrelationships

Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments

Ice nucleation activity of agricultural soil dust aerosols from Mongolia, Argentina, and Germany

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