On the geology of lower dee-side and the southern highland border

Barrow, G. I.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(12)80018-6

Cited by 110 publications

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“…The Barrovian metamorphic series (Barrow 1893(Barrow , 1912 occurs in the SE of the Grampian Terrane, Scotland (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GGF, Great Glen Fault; HBF, Highland Boundary Fault; IS, Iapetus Suture; PDHL, Portsoy-Duchray Hill Lineament; SUF, Southern Uplands Fault. Compiled after Barrow (1912), Elles & Tilley (1930), Hudson (1980), Fettes et al (1986) and Harte (1987). Mineral abbreviations follow the recommendations of Kretz (1983). utilizes two transects through the Barrovian metamorphic series: the Glen Esk transect, which follows the river North Esk (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nature and origin of the Barrovian metamorphism, Scotland: diffusion length scales in garnet and inferred thermal time scales

Viete

Hermann

Lister

et al. 2011

JGS

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In this paper we examine the length scales of major element diffusion in garnet during the Barrovian metamorphism. The role of diffusion in the flattening of Mn zoning profiles in garnet with increasing metamorphic grade across the Barrovian metamorphic series is ambiguous. However, the loss of distinct Mn-defined secondary compositional zoning in Barrovian garnets with increasing metamorphic grade and preservation of geochemical textures around Mn-free inclusions within high-grade Barrovian garnets provide robust evidence for c. 1000 ìm Mn diffusion in sillimanite-zone garnets during the Barrovian regional metamorphism. Sillimanite-grade garnets from the Barrovian metamorphic series also preserve c. 100 ìm Mn diffusion textures between sillimanite-grade rim domains and lower-grade cores. Bimodality in diffusion length scales requires bimodality in thermal time scales. Length scales of chemical diffusion are considered within the context of recent duration estimates for the Barrovian metamorphism of a few million years. We conclude that heat associated with the Barrovian regional metamorphism accumulated following numerous, short time-scale heating events responsible for the smaller-scale diffusion textures. This self-similar thermal regime was likely accommodated by the operation of shear zones in the highest-grade regions of the Barrovian metamorphic series, which concentrated small-scale episodic heat sources such as sheeted magmas, fluids and/ or mechanical work.Supplementary material: A table of quantitative electron microprobe analyses, an example of the calibration curve used to produce quantitative electron microprobe maps from count maps, and Y maps are available at

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“…The Barrovian metamorphic series (Barrow 1893(Barrow , 1912 occurs in the SE of the Grampian Terrane, Scotland (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature and origin of the Barrovian metamorphism, Scotland: diffusion length scales in garnet and inferred thermal time scales

Viete

Hermann

Lister

et al. 2011

JGS

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“…Barrow (1893Barrow ( , 1912 demonstrated that an increasing degree of metamorphism is reflected in a succession of mineral assemblages in pelites, defining his Barrovian metamorphic sequence. Eskola (1915Eskola ( , 1920) extended Barrow's findings, proposing that fields in P-T space (metamorphic facies) can be delineated by commonly observed metamorphic mineral associations.…”

Section: The Metamorphic Facies Series Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A notable example of this preference for gradualism in deep processes has been ideas for the origins of regional metamorphism and metamorphic facies series, and implications for the nature of tectonism. Barrow (1893Barrow ( , 1912 was the first to map regional metamorphism on the basis of diagnostic mineral assemblages. His Barrovian metamorphic sequence, exposed in NE Scotland, comprises a series of 'isograds' marking the first appearance of chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite and sillimanite in pelitic lithologies, in the direction of increasing metamorphic grade.…”

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confidence: 99%

On the significance of short-duration regional metamorphism

Viete

Lister

2016

JGS

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Short-duration regional metamorphism is a recently observed and poorly understood phenomenon in metamorphic geology. In this review, it is defined as metamorphism on time scales that limit length scales (of the associated thermal anomaly) to significantly less than the thickness of the orogenic crust (<10 myr) or subducted oceanic lithosphere (<5 myr). Without appealing to exceptional heat sources, thermal models have been unable to account for peak metamorphic temperature during collisional orogenesis and subduction. This observation, combined with restricted time scales for regional metamorphism, suggests that metamorphic facies series can record atypical and transient thermal conditions (related to punctuated and localized heat advection and/or production), rather than normal, ambient conditions for the tectonic setting to which they are allied. Highprecision geochronology can resolve short-duration metamorphic estimates of 1 -10 myr. However, diffusion geospeedometry typically yields extremely short metamorphic durations (<1 myr); tools in metamorphic geology may have matured to the point that the discipline is beginning to recognize episodicity and criticality in deep processes. New, very high-precision petrochronology techniques offer great potential to probe the veracity of extremely short metamorphic durations being obtained from diffusion geospeedometry. Benchmarking of these new very high-precision petrochronology techniques must become a priority for metamorphic geology.Received 26 May 2016; revised 2 October 2016; accepted 27 October 2016Early interpretations of the geological record leant heavily on catastrophism. As geology matured as a science, uniformitarianism came to supersede catastrophism. Uniformitarianism offers a more sophisticated, logical framework for interpretation of the rock record within the context of current and observable processes. However, the grand success of the uniformitarian philosophy has also resulted in a propensity toward interpretation of deep (and thus unobservable) geological phenomena in terms of slowly evolving or steady-state processes. A notable example of this preference for gradualism in deep processes has been ideas for the origins of regional metamorphism and metamorphic facies series, and implications for the nature of tectonism. Barrow (1893Barrow ( , 1912 was the first to map regional metamorphism on the basis of diagnostic mineral assemblages. His Barrovian metamorphic sequence, exposed in NE Scotland, comprises a series of 'isograds' marking the first appearance of chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite, kyanite and sillimanite in pelitic lithologies, in the direction of increasing metamorphic grade. Regional metamorphism recorded by Barrovian-type isograds defines intermediate pressure/temperature (P/T ) conditions (575 -1250°C GPa Barrow (1893) originally proposed that his Barrovian metamorphism resulted from magmatic advection of heat from depth. Following development of the theory of plate tectonics, numerous models were proposed for the ori...

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“…On the other hand, Kennedy (1958, p. 114) used the term to refer to a 'steeply-inclined thrust plane' on which the Dalradian rocks were inferred to have been driven southwards over what is now known as the Highland Border Complex, and it is obviously this latter definition that Bluck & Ingham have in mind. The concept of a thrust fault separating the Dalradian from the Highland Border Complex was introduced by Barrow (1912), and applied by Jehu & Campbell (1917) in the Aberfoyle area, but evidence for such a fault contact is not exposed anywhere in the Highland Border today (see Tanner, 1995, p. 475), and the structure must be considered non-proven.…”

Section: General Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

DISCUSSIONS The Highland Border controversy: a discussion of “New evidence that the Lower Cambrian Leny Limestone at Callander, Perthshire, belongs to the Dalradian Supergroup, and a reassessment of the ‘exotic’ status of the Highland Border Complex”

1997

Geol. Mag.

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B. J. Bluck & J. K. Ingham comment: The status of the fossiliferous rocks at the Highland Border (the Highland Border Complex) has been a matter of speculation for over a century. The question has been whether the Highland Border Complex has affinities with the Dalradian block or constitutes a separate block, a sliver or slivers of which have been caught up along the Highland Boundary Fault.

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On the geology of lower dee-side and the southern highland border

Cited by 110 publications

References 0 publications

The nature and origin of the Barrovian metamorphism, Scotland: diffusion length scales in garnet and inferred thermal time scales

The nature and origin of the Barrovian metamorphism, Scotland: diffusion length scales in garnet and inferred thermal time scales

On the significance of short-duration regional metamorphism

DISCUSSIONS The Highland Border controversy: a discussion of “New evidence that the Lower Cambrian Leny Limestone at Callander, Perthshire, belongs to the Dalradian Supergroup, and a reassessment of the ‘exotic’ status of the Highland Border Complex”

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