On the Function of Allogrooming in Old-World Monkeys

Vigilance during Foraging and Allogrooming in Semi-Free-Ranging Barbary Macaques

“…Grooming is a task which requires particular attention and is therefore exclusive of predator surveillance, but there was no evidence that the groomee did invest in extra vigilance while being groomed. Groom- ing is known to be physiologically relaxing [19] and, during our observations, macaques spent most of their time sleeping while being groomed. We checked whether the proximity of neighbours influenced the scanning rate: for the 10 individuals, the mean distance between the target individual and the nearest neighbour was significantly shorter during foraging than during allogrooming (Wilcoxon signed ranks test, T + ¤=¤48, p¤=¤0.037).…”

Conflict and Cooperation in Wild Chimpanzees

“…Social grooming is the most frequent affiliative behavior observed among primates (Goosen, 1981). Chimpanzees are no exception, although some individuals do so more than others.…”

Social factors enhancing foraging success of a wild group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in a patchy food environment

“…It might be because most primate species have strong social bonds among group members. Group members frequently exchanged social behaviors (social grooming: Goosen, 1981, vocal communication: Wang, 2000Sugiura, 2007) and keep proximity to one another even in foraging (Pastor-Nieto, 2001). Then, individuals often leave food patches to follow other group members or gave up patches due to aggressive behavior by dominant individuals (Nakagawa, 1990).…”