On the formation of the acid sites in lanthanum exchanged X zeolites used for isobutane/cis-2-butene alkylation

Guzmán, Alexander; Zuazo, Iker; Feller, Andreas; Olindo, Roberta; Sievers, Carsten; Lercher, Johannes A.

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2005.04.024

Cited by 77 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The band at 2172 cm − 1 (Fig. 1f) can be attributed to CO adsorbed on Na + Lewis acid sites [28]. More intense bands at 2166 and 2159 cm − 1 are associated with CO adsorbed on silanol groups, meanwhile the weak band at 2179 cm − 1 is thought to derive from the extinguished BAS of the parent USY zeolite.…”

Section: Carbon Monoxide Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1a), the weak interactions of silanol groups [27,28] with CO, at ~3716 cm − 1 , demonstrates its lack of BAS. This absence of Brønsted acidity is a result of the efficiency of cation exchange during the material's synthesis.…”

Section: Carbon Monoxide Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very weak LAS are detected for the Na-USY zeolite material (Fig. 2c) as characterized by the band at 1443 cm − 1 [28,39] which desorbs at low temperature (<150 °C). Even weaker are the LAS in the Rb-USY zeolite material (Fig.…”

Section: Pyridine Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operando Spectroscopy of the Gas-Phase Aldol Condensation of Propanal over Solid Base Catalysts

et al. 2017

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time. In particular, for Cs-X and Ca-HA the rapid formation of carbonaceous deposits was observed consisting of (poly-)aromatics and highly conjugated structures, respectively. The physicochemical properties of Ca-HA with strong basic sites and moderate acidity limit its deactivation despite the observed coke formation. On the other hand, both USY catalysts were more efficient in suppressing coke formation likely due to the moderate strength of their active sites.

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Section: Carbon Monoxide Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Carbon Monoxide Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operando Spectroscopy of the Gas-Phase Aldol Condensation of Propanal over Solid Base Catalysts

et al. 2017

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“…Therefore, several investigations to find suitable solid acid candidates for use instead of liquid acids have been conducted for decades 2)～6) . For alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene, high activities have been reported using large-pore zeolites such as USY 7) , La-X 8) , H-BEA 9) , and MCM-22 10) . However, industrial application of these zeolites for the alkylation process is still difficult because of rapid catalyst deactivation caused by pore-plugging with oligomerized hydrocarbon produced via multiple alkylation 11), 12) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H-ベータゼオライトを用いたcstr中でのイソブタンの1-ブテンによるアルキル化（第1報）ゼオライトの構造および合成法のアルキル化反応への影響

Sekine

Ichikawa

Tajima

et al. 2012

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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The effects of zeolite structures on alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene were investigated in a batch reactor and in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) using the proton-form zeolites, H-ZSM-5, H-L, H-Y, and H-BEA (beta). H-ZSM-5 and H-L zeolite catalysts were deactivated rapidly, whereas H-Y and H-BEA zeolites retained catalytic activity for a long time in the CSTR, implying that zeolites with three-dimensional large pore systems are useful for preventing deactivation of the catalyst during alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene. H-BEA synthesized using a dried-gel method (DGC-H-BEA) showed the most stable activity among the various H-BEA zeolites. The effects of the synthesis methods and zeolite characteristics were investigated using H-BEA zeolite. Characterization using NH3-TPD and pyridine-sorption monitored by FT-IR showed that high acid density and high Brønsted acid ratio promoted alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene over H-BEA zeolite.

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“…The concentration of weak Brönsted acid sites increases in La 3? exchanged beta zeolite [12], which exhibits a high activity in several reactions, e.g. the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Concentration of Medium Strength Brönsted Acid Sites in Aluminium-Modified β Zeolite

et al. 2011

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A beta zeolite modified by treatment with aluminium ions has been characterized by different techniques, such as XRD, XPS, N 2 adsorption, and TPD of pyridine and acetonitrile. Compared to the parent zeolite, it has shown some differences concerning the local environment of the aluminium atoms and the distribution of the acid sites. The modified zeolite has been tested as catalyst in a model reaction, i.e. the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons, where it has exhibited higher activity than the parent zeolite.

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On the formation of the acid sites in lanthanum exchanged X zeolites used for isobutane/cis-2-butene alkylation

Cited by 77 publications

References 21 publications

Operando Spectroscopy of the Gas-Phase Aldol Condensation of Propanal over Solid Base Catalysts

Operando Spectroscopy of the Gas-Phase Aldol Condensation of Propanal over Solid Base Catalysts

H-ベータゼオライトを用いたcstr中でのイソブタンの1-ブテンによるアルキル化（第1報）ゼオライトの構造および合成法のアルキル化反応への影響

Enhanced Concentration of Medium Strength Brönsted Acid Sites in Aluminium-Modified β Zeolite

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