On the formation of magnetite coatings on low-carbon steel in ammonium nitrate solution

Vershok, D. B.; Misurkin, P. I.; Тимофеева, В. А.; Соловьева, А. Б.; Kuznetsov, Yu. I.; Тимашев, С. Ф.

doi:10.1134/s0033173208070138

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The formation of the magnetite surface layer is generally thought to involve the following two steps [6,10,11]: First, iron surface atoms are oxidized to iron(II) hydroxide (Fe(OH) 2 , see Equation (1)) by nitrite (NO 2-), which acts as oxidizing reagent. Fe(OH) 2 is then further oxidized to magnetite (Equation (2)) via the Schikorr reaction [12,13], causing the black surface burning [3,5,6,14]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the development of a more environmentally friendly and efficient process would be highly desirable and promising for several branches. Attempts to form magnetite layers through an electrochemical reaction have been reported earlier for steel in hot (70−98 • C) ammonium nitrate solution [14,15]. However, this solution is, also considered to be unsafe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Electrochemical Route for Hot Alkaline Blackening of Steel: A Nitrite Free Approach

et al. 2019

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Blackening belongs to the predominant technological processes in preserving steel surfaces from corrosion by generating a protective magnetite overlayer. In place of the commonly used dipping-procedure into nitrite-containing blackening baths at boiling temperatures that are far above 100 °C, here we describe a more environmentally friendly electrochemical route that operates at temperatures, even below 100 °C. After an investigation of the electrochemical behavior of steel samples in alkaline solutions at various temperatures, the customarily required bath temperature of more than 130 °C could be significantly lowered to about 80 °C by applying a DC voltage that leads to an electrode potential of 0.5−0.6 V vs. Pt. Thus, it was possible to eliminate the use of hazardous sodium nitrite economically and in an optimum way. Electrochemical quantification of the corrosion behavior of steel surfaces that were in contact with 0.1 M KCl solution was carried out by linear sweep voltammetry and by Tafel slope analysis. When comparing these data, even the corrosion rates of conventional blackened surfaces are of the same magnitude as a blank steel surface. This proves that magnetite overlayers represent rather poor protective layers in the absence of additional sealing. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry (CV), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and auger electron spectroscopy (AES) characterized the electrochemically blackened steel surfaces.

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