On the formation of Bi 2 S 3 -cellulose nanocomposite films from bismuth xanthates and trimethylsilyl-cellulose

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of bismuth sulfide-cellulose nanocomposite thin films was explored. The films were prepared using organosoluble precursors, namely bismuth xanthates for BiS and trimethylsilyl cellulose (TMSC) for cellulose. Solutions of these precursors were spin coated onto solid substrates yielding homogeneous precursor films. Afterwards, a heating step under inert atmosphere led to the formation of thin nanocomposite films of bismuth sulfide nanoparticles within the TMSC matrix. In a second step, the silyl groups were cleaved off by vapors of HCl yielding bismuth sulfide/cellulose nanocomposite films. The thin films were characterized by a wide range of surface sensitive techniques such as atomic force microscopy, attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and wettability investigations. In addition, the formation of the nanoparticle directly in the TMSC matrix was investigated in situ by GI-SWAXS using a temperature controlled sample stage.

Green Procedure to Manufacture Nanoparticle-Decorated Paper Substrates

“…The UV-Vis spectrum and the size distribution of the LAL-synthesized AgNPs are shown in Figure 2a,b. The UV-Vis spectrum of the AgNPs synthesized by laser ablation shows a distinct maximum at 400 nm, typical for a surface plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles with a dimension of a few tens of nanometers [10]. This rough estimation is further supported by TEM analysis (inset of Figure 2a), which, in addition, reveals that the AgNPs have a spherical shape.…”

“…One approach is the so called in situ synthesis, where the nanoparticle precursor, typically a metal salt or metal citrate, is added to a cellulosic material. The metal ions coordinate to the cellulose macromolecules and a chemical reaction is induced to convert the salt into either metal, metal oxide, or metal sulfide nanoparticles, which are formed in close spatial proximity to the cellulose material [10]. In this way, silver and gold nanoparticle-decorated fibers have been prepared from AgNO 3 and HAuCl 4 , in the presence of different types of reduction agents [11,12].…”

Ultrathin Films of Cellulose: A Materials Perspective

“…Such nanoparticles can be created from labile bismuth compounds such as BiPh 3 , and from bismuth xanthates that are added to TMSC before processing. While BiPh 3 can be degraded by UV light to elemental Bi nanoparticles in the low nanometer range (Breitwieser et al, 2015), the xanthates are converted to the bismuth sulfides via the Chugaev reaction (80 nm length, 25 nm width) (Reishofer et al, 2017a). This procedure works also for other metal sulfides and in a similar way CuInS 2 nanoparticles (diameters of few nm) have been created in a TMSC matrix.…”

A Green Procedure to Manufacture Nanoparticle Decorated Paper Substrates

“…One approach is the so called in-situ synthesis, where the nanoparticle precursor, typically a metal salt, is added to a cellulosic material. The metal ions are coordinating to the cellulose macromolecules and a chemical reaction is induced to convert the salt into either metal, metal oxide or metal sulfide nanoparticles, which are formed in close spatial proximity to the cellulose material [9]. In this way, silver and gold nanoparticle decorated fibers have been prepared from AgNO3 and HAuCl4, in the presence of different types of reduction agents [10][11].…”