On the Existence of Suppressor Cells

Arnon, Ruth; Teitelbaum, Dvora

doi:10.1159/000236379

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For nearly 30 years, scientists who had not abandoned their belief in Ts cells had to mask their findings under less controversial names such as "down-regulation", "infectious tolerance", or "active unresponsiveness". Since late 1990s the "S" word started to be used in public again and interest in Ts cells was reborn [2]. Since that time it has been shown that Ts cells not only play an important role in downregulating immune response, but that they also keep autoreactive T and B cells under control [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin-induced tolerance and its reversal by Toll-like receptor ligands

Szczepanik

2007

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1970, Gershon was the first to propose that T cells, in addition to their helper activity, can also play a role as regulatory cells capable of suppressing immune responses. However, the initial strong interest in T cell-mediated suppression was followed by a period of doubt and skepticism. Since the late 1990 s the "S" word started to be used in immunology again and interest in T suppressor cells has grown, ushering in a new renaissance for the field. In this article the author presents the current knowledge about a new subject called "skin-induced tolerance". Suppression is induced via epicutaneous immunization and is described in both Th1- and Tc1-mediated contact sensitivity reactions. The subject of skin-induced tolerance is also considered in the regulation of experimental models of autoimmune diseases such as allergic autoimmune encephalomyelitis and collagen-induced arthritis and finally in an animal model of graft rejection. The last part of this presentation will introduce the very fresh subject of "contrasuppression", or the reversal of skin-induced suppression.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin-induced tolerance and its reversal by Toll-like receptor ligands

Szczepanik

2007

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, not all self peptides are present in the thymus. T cell tolerance to peripheral Ags is achieved in many ways, including ignorance of tissue-specific Ags (2), induction of clonal deletion and anergy (3), down-modulation of TCR (4), and possibly by evoking a T cell suppressor response (5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-2 Unresponsiveness in Anergic CD4+ T Cells Is Due to Defective Signaling Through the Common γ-Chain of the IL-2 Receptor

Grundström

Dohlsten

Sundstedt

2000

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Repeated administration of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A to mice transduces a state of anergy in the CD4+ T cell compartment, characterized by inhibition of IL-2 production and clonal expansion in vivo. In contrast to what has been reported on anergic T cell clones in vitro, culture of in vivo anergized CD4+ T cells in the presence of exogenous IL-2 did not overcome the block in responsiveness. In this study, we demonstrate that CD4+ T cells from mice anergized with staphylococcal enterotoxin A also exhibit a reduced proliferative capacity in response to IL-7 and IL-15, cytokines that share a common γ-chain with the IL-2R. Flow-cytometric analysis revealed only modest changes in the expression of the different IL-2R chains. In a number of experiments, our results also provide evidence that excludes a major role of the IL-2R α-chain in this system. According to these results, the inability of anergic cells to respond to IL-2 is not mainly due to a down-regulation of the high affinity IL-2R, but to a perturbation in intracellular signaling. Our study confirmed that the activation and tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus-associated kinase 3 and STAT5 were considerably weaker after anergy induction. Moreover, anergic CD4+ T cells showed significantly reduced DNA-binding ability to STAT5-specific elements. Taken together, we suggest that the observed IL-2 unresponsiveness in anergic CD4+ T cells could be due to a defect in signaling through the common γ-chain of the IL-2R.

show abstract

“…These were first described in the 1970s as cells capable of transfering antigen-specific tolerance to naive animals [16]. A specific molecular characterization of these cells has been elusive, with some models transferring suppression with CD8+ or CD4+ cells [2]. In rodent models of transplantation, there is a CD4+ T-cell population that can transfer specific tolerance to naive animals and make their CD4+ T-cells capable of suppression as well.…”

Section: Peripheral Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic tolerance in renal transplantation

Shoskes

1996

World J Urol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current excellent short-term results of renal transplantation are achieved at the expense of complications of chronic immunosuppression. These include increased risk for infection, malignancy, and long-term deterioration of function ("chronic allograft nephropathy"). The induction of transplantation tolerance, the long-term acceptance of an allograft without continuous immunosuppression, has been a goal of transplant immunologists for the last 40 years. Unfortunately, this has been easier to achieve in rodents than in humans. Nevertheless, this body of research has significantly increased our knowledge of the workings of the immune system and specifically, how the body differentiates between "self" and "nonself". Using these insights, several promising approaches to the clinical induction of transplant tolerance have emerged and are undergoing clinical evaluation.

show abstract

On the Existence of Suppressor Cells

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Skin-induced tolerance and its reversal by Toll-like receptor ligands

Skin-induced tolerance and its reversal by Toll-like receptor ligands

IL-2 Unresponsiveness in Anergic CD4+ T Cells Is Due to Defective Signaling Through the Common γ-Chain of the IL-2 Receptor

Immunologic tolerance in renal transplantation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About