On the evolution and application of the concept of electrochemical polarization

Abstract

This paper yields an overview on the evolution of the concept of polarization applied to electrochemical systems, ranging from electrodes to cells. The historical discussion starts at the early phase of the development of electrochemistry when current-controlled measurements were possible only, and when the early definitions of polarization, depolarization and depolarizer were created. A number of contemporary handbooks, recommendations and other reference resources are listed in which these concepts are represented in various ways, from conservative definitions to attempts of redefining them. The traditional definitions are confronted with the everyday use of professional language, drawing attention to the fact that the widespread application of potential-controlled electrochemical measurements led to new meanings. Some suggestions are made that open room for the application of the term of polarization in accord with the modern methodologies, without compromising the traditional introduction of the term. Polarization-related phenomena in biological membranes are not dealt with in the present work.

Functional Oriented Design of Composite Artificial Interface Layers Towards Stable Zinc Anodes In Aqueous Zinc‐ion Batteries

“…For an equilibrium electrode, polarization is the deviation of the potential of this electrode from its equilibrium value as current is passed through the electrode from an external power source. [78] Electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization of the anode-electrolyte interface will give rise to the accompanying Zn plating/stripping overpotential. Because of the existence of ultra-thin electric double layers at the interface, although the overpotential is small, polarization will still lead to the enhancement of the interface electric field.…”

“…Polarization can commonly be divided into two types: electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization. For an equilibrium electrode, polarization is the deviation of the potential of this electrode from its equilibrium value as current is passed through the electrode from an external power source [78] . Electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization of the anode‐electrolyte interface will give rise to the accompanying Zn plating/stripping overpotential.…”

Analysis of a Relaxation Process Caused by the Load Variation Adapted on the Basis of Second Order Electrical Model

“…Analysis of the equation system (7) shows the following. The parameters A, B, C, D, F can be found from experimental data as a result of computer fitting procedures for the equation (5). The total resistances RΣ1 and RΣ2 are estimated on the basis of Ohm low in steady state conditions before and after commutation respectively.…”

“…or standard electrochemical characteristics (polarization curve, impedance, transient processes, etc.) [4][5][6]. The considering tools can be used to estimate complex parameters characterizing batteries technical state [7][8][9][10][11], such as State of Charge (SoC), State of Health (SoH), State of Power (SoP).…”