On the Evaluation of the Mechanical Behaviour of Structural Glass Elements

Abstract

Abstract. Glass can be considered to be a high-technology engineering material with a multifunctional potential for structural applications. However, the conventional approach to the use of glass is often based only on its properties of transparency and isolation. It is thus highly appropriate and necessary to study the mechanical behaviour of this material and to develop adequate methods and models leading to its characterisation. It is evident that the great potential of growth for structural glass applications is an important opportunity of development for the glass industry and the building/construction sectors. The work presented in this paper is a reflection of this conclusion. The authors shortly present the state-of-the-art on the application of glass as a structural element in building and construction, and refer to other potential fields of application and available glass materials. The experimental procedures and methods adopted in three-point bending tests performed on 500 × 100 [mm 2 ] float, laminated and tempered glass specimens with thicknesses between 4 and 19 mm are thoroughly described. The authors evaluated the mechanical strength and stiffness of glass for structural applications. This work contributes to a deeper knowledge of the properties of this material.

Semibatch operation and primary cyclization effects in homogeneous free-radical crosslinking copolymerizations

“…The main principles of the mathematical model used in this work have already been presented [31,34] as well as the particular analysis of free-radical crosslinking copolymerization in batch reactor [32]. In this case, the relevant equations of the model were explicitly written.…”

“…Based upon a general kinetic model for dealing with nonlinear irreversible copolymerizations [31] the authors have recently made some improvements in modeling non-linear free radical polymerizations with different chemical systems and reactors [32][33][34][35]. The main advantage of this method is its ability to deal with non-linear free radical copolymerizations with the elimination of a set of approximation conditions with widespread use in the modeling of this kind of systems.…”

“…We will nevertheless go through it in detail and try to re-use it for more general situations. According to our approach, equations are written for a generic kinetic scheme, and the first task in its application is the definition of the chemical groups and chemical reactions intervening in the polymerization process [31,34]. There is a total number of 20 chemical groups A j , 12 of them belonging to the polymer: five kinds of free-radical sites ( Fig.…”

Thermal Transient and Thermal Stress on Radiated Heat Float Glass

“…In the case of fracture mode, broken glass breaks into large pieces and with a straight and smooth surface fracture. [13] The thermal stress model is applied with 3D hexagonal 20 (hex20) dimensions to facilitate the determination of nodes and elements in FEA simulation. In this section nodes and elements are used to investigate more detail the effects of various boundary conditions on thermal stress window glass applied to radiant heat.…”

Las intervenciones en la Torre campanario de Pisa: entre integraciones y liberaciones

“…En textos especializados -tales como Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA, 2006), Broto, (2006) o Atkinson (2003)-, sobre el mantenimiento, reparación y consolidación de construcciones, se puede encontrar una serie de recomendaciones para la intervención de edificios ante la degradación 1 . También es posible encontrar estudios -como Croce (2021), Michiels (2015), Delgado (2016Delgado ( , 2021Delgado ( , 2022 o Costa et al (2014Costa et al ( , 2018-con resultados de nuevos tratamientos o aplicación de métodos experimentales para la recuperación de las construcciones. Esta literatura contiene un conjunto de técnicas aplicables a diferentes categorías de problemas comunes.…”