On the Equal Displacement Approximation for Mid-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Alzate, Yeudy Felipe Vargas; Pujades, L. G.; González-Drigo, José R.; Alva, Rodrigo E.; Pinzón, Luis A.

doi:10.7712/120119.7321.19849

Cited by 8 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This classification scheme simplifies the characterization of the exposure when the seismic damage is estimated at urban level. However, using the approach presented in Vargas-Alzate et al (2019), [2], the response of buildings can be analyzed without grouping them into height categories as low-, mid-and high-rise buildings, since many building models can be generated, varying the numbers of stories as necessary. Thus, the structural typologies in this study are classified as RCT where T is the number of stories.…”

Section: Preliminary Statistical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method has been used to generate random samples of buildings according to the considerations described above. The algorithm implemented in Vargas-Alzate et al (2019), [2], has been adapted to this end. Figure 7 shows one hundred 7-story building models generated with this algorithm.…”

Section: Building To Building Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, for each scenario, 1400 NLDAs have been performed (one hundred building samples per fourteen structural typologies). This procedure can easily be performed with a modified version of the algorithm presented in Vargas-Alzate et al 2019 [2]. Tables S1-S5 found in the Supplementary present the probabilities of occurrence of each DSm T , as well as the mean damage state for each typology, DSm T , for the return periods presented in Figure 9 and for the structural typologies RC 1 to RC 14 .…”

Section: Simulation Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current capacity of computers, combined with advanced statistical approaches, means that new probabilistic frameworks can be developed for estimating the stochastic nonlinear response of civil structures submitted to seismic actions. Vargas-Alzate et al (2019) [2] presented the development through implementation of the structures. An algorithm based on the Monte Carlo and Latin hypercube sampling techniques has been developed to perform the probabilistic simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic Risk Assessment Using Stochastic Nonlinear Models

et al. 2020

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The basic input when seismic risk is estimated in urban environments is the expected physical damage level of buildings. The vulnerability index and capacity spectrum-based methods are the tools that have been used most to estimate the probability of occurrence of this important variable. Although both methods provide adequate estimates, they involve simplifications that are no longer necessary, given the current capacity of computers. In this study, an advanced method is developed that avoids many of these simplifications. The method starts from current state-of-the-art approaches, but it incorporates non-linear dynamic analysis and a probabilistic focus. Thus, the method considers not only the nonlinear dynamic response of the structures, modeled as multi degree of freedom systems (MDoF), but also uncertainties related to the loads, the geometry of the buildings, the mechanical properties of the materials and the seismic action. Once the method has been developed, the buildings are subjected to earthquake records that are selected and scaled according to the seismic hazard of the site and considering the probabilistic nature of the seismic actions. The practical applications of the method are illustrated with a case study: framed reinforced concrete buildings that are typical of an important district, the Eixample, in Barcelona (Spain). The building typology and the district were chosen because the seismic risk in Barcelona has been thoroughly studied, so detailed information about buildings' features, seismic hazard and expected risk is available. Hence, the current results can be compared with those obtained using simpler, less sophisticated methods. The main aspects of the method are presented and discussed first. Then, the case study is described and the results obtained with the capacity spectrum method are compared with the results using the approach presented here. The results at hand show reasonably good agreement with previous seismic damage and risk scenarios in Barcelona, but the new method provides richer, more detailed, more reliable information. This is particularly useful for seismic risk reduction, prevention and management, to move towards more resilient, sustainable cities.Sustainability 2020, 12, 1308 2 of 21 software useful for estimating the stochastic response of multi degree of freedom systems (MDoF) systems by considering uncertainties in the seismic hazard and in the main features of the structures. Uncertainties were considered in relation to the geometry of the structure, the mechanical properties of the materials and the seismic action, amongst many other variables. In that study, thousands of non-linear dynamic analyses (NLDA) were executed using thousands of structural models and earthquake records. The procedure for combining the structural models and the earthquake records was based on the Latin hypercube and Monte Carlo sampling methods.From the NLDA results presented in Vargas-Alzate et al. 2019 [2], a simplified methodology was proposed to estimate maximum inter-story drifts ...

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Section: Preliminary Statistical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Building To Building Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic Risk Assessment Using Stochastic Nonlinear Models

et al. 2020

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“…This is because fragility functions obtained through these highly correlated pairs will exhibit less variability when determining the probability of exceeding a certain damage level assumed as a limit state. IMs can also be used to predict expected values of EDPs [26]. The higher the correlation between an IM and an EDP, the more reliable the estimation of the EDP through an IM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Intensity Measures Considering Near- and Far-Fault Ground Motion Records

Alzate

Hurtado

2021

Geosciences

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This paper focuses on the identification of high-efficiency intensity measures to predict the seismic response of buildings affected by near- and far-fault ground motion records. Near-fault ground motion has received special attention, as it tends to increase the expected damage to civil structures compared to that from ruptures originating further afield. In order to verify this tendency, the nonlinear dynamic response of 3D multi-degree-of-freedom models is estimated by using a subset of records whose distance to the epicenter is lower than 10 Km. In addition, to quantify how much the expected demand may increase because of the proximity to the fault, another subset of records, whose distance to the epicenter is in the range between 10 and 30 Km, has been analyzed. Then, spectral and energy-based intensity measures as well as those obtained from specific computations of the ground motion record are calculated and correlated to several engineering demand parameters. From these analyses, fragility curves are derived and compared for both subsets of records. It has been observed that the subset of records nearer to the fault tends to produce fragility functions with higher probabilities of exceedance than the ones derived for far-fault records. Results also show that the efficiency of the intensity measures is similar for both subsets of records, but it varies depending on the engineering demand parameter to be predicted.

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A simplified approach for including the incidence angle effect in seismic risk assessment

Alzate

Silva

Vamvatsikos

et al. 2021

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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A simplified procedure is developed to consider the azimuthal orientation of buildings when estimating seismic risk. Two square‐plan reinforced concrete building models are considered as a testbed, one with similar and one with dissimilar properties along the two principal horizontal axes. The fragility of both structures is analysed using a set of ground motion records rotated to multiple incidence angles to develop orientation‐dependent fragility functions. It has been observed that, re‐orienting all records so that these structures have the same azimuth vis‐à‐vis the corresponding epicentre leads to significant differences compared to assuming random orientations. Additional results stemming from single‐degree‐of‐freedom oscillators further confirm such findings, showing a dependence to the proximity to the faults and the level of dissimilarity in the principal horizontal axes of the structure. The end results point to a non‐negligible bias in assessment studies when a structure's orientation with respect to governing rupture scenarios is not taken into account. It is shown that the median of fragility curves calculated for un‐rotated incidence angles can be bias‐corrected through shifted by an amount that depends on the azimuthal orientation and level of axes‐dissimilarity of structures.

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On the Equal Displacement Approximation for Mid-Rise Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Seismic Risk Assessment Using Stochastic Nonlinear Models

Seismic Risk Assessment Using Stochastic Nonlinear Models

Efficiency of Intensity Measures Considering Near- and Far-Fault Ground Motion Records

A simplified approach for including the incidence angle effect in seismic risk assessment

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