On the enteron of American ganoids

Hopkins, Brandon

doi:10.1002/jmor.1050110206

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…'The following is based on the observations of Macallum (1886), Hopkins (1895), Weisel(l973, 1979, and Buddington & Doroshov (1985~). Each alimentary canal region exhibits modifications of the basic structure which appear to represent adaptations for specific digestive functions.…”

Section: Microscopic Anatomymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The anterior forestomach is elongated (3&40% of total gut length) and within macrophagous species is capable of distending to 3-5 times the resting state. In contrast, the forestomach walls of the paddlefish are thicker and less distensible (Hopkins 1895) and also include four parallel rows of fatty rods which may be an adaptation for movement of small food particles (Weisel 1973). Such rods are not present in macrophagous species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Internally, the limits of the esophagus coincide with the presence of numerous posteriorally directed conical papillae. The papillae are larger in macrophagous species relative to the microphagous paddlefish (Hopkins 1895) and appear to assist in movement of food particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digestive system structure Digestive system anatomy was described for a number of chondrosteans during the last century (see Hopkins 1895) and recently there has been a renewal of interest (Weisell973,1979. Between these periods most of the efforts have been devoted to descriptions of early development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digestive and feeding characteristics of the chondrosteans

Buddington

Christofferson

1985

Environ Biol Fish

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SynopsisStructure and function of the digestive system and feeding characteristics of the chondrosteans are reviewed. Although the group exhibits a wide diversity of feeding habits including piscivory, benthophagy, and planktivory, they are principally carnivores throughout their life history. Examination of digestive system structure reveals the basic structure to be similar among the species with some modification to accomodate the different food types. For the species studied, composition of the adult digestive enzyme complement is consistent with the carnivorous habits with proteases dominating and only low levels of carbohydrase activity. There are three secretory phases during development of the digestive system. Each corresponds with different food habits of the different life-history intervals. Vis,ion is apparently not utilized for feeding in any interval. Instead food is recognized and located primarily by gustation, olfaction, textural qualities, and, possibly, electroreception.

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Section: Microscopic Anatomymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digestive and feeding characteristics of the chondrosteans

Buddington

Christofferson

1985

Environ Biol Fish

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“…A considerable body of literature deals with ciliated cells in the anterior portion of the digestive 'tract (e.g. esophageal or gastric mucosa; see for example, M'Intosh and Prince, 1890; Hopkins, 1895;Purser, 1928). Based on the fact that fishes with a ciliated gastric mucosa are primitive members of the Actinopterygii, Barrington (1957) offered the fairly plausible explanation that ciliated cells represent a retained feature of a more primitive type of gastric epithelium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciliary Movements in Guts of Early Clupeoid and Salangid Larvae

Iwai¹,

Rosenthal²

1981

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Ciliated epithelial gut cells were studied in newly-hatched larvae of the clupeolds Clupea harengus, Clupanodon punctatus, Engraulis japonlcus and the salangid Salangichthys microdon. Ciliary movements occur mainly in the posterior part of the gut; they start shortly after hatching and disappear within a few days. Ciliated cells in the gut epithelium of early larval stages are interpreted as retained features of a more primitive type of gastric epithelium.Ciliated epithelial cells in the digestive tract are, in general, uncommon in teleost fishes -apart from some primitive members of the Actinopterygii (Barrington, 1957). In larvae of two teleost species, Plecoglossus altivelis and Hypomesus olidus, Iwai (1967 a, b) discovered ciliated cells in the gut epithelium and suggested that these provide a means for transporting food particles in the gut for a limited period during early larval life. Both his observation and conclusion were in need of confirmation and extension. This note presents further information on ciliary activities in the guts of larvae of the clupeoids -herring Clupea harengus, gizzard shad Clupanodon punctatus, anchovy Engraulis japonica -and of the salangid Salangichthys microdon.Herring larvae were obtained from artificially fertilized, laboratory-incubated eggs of Baltic spring spawners. Water temperatures during incubation and growth were ca 10 "C. Gizzard shad larvae and anchovy larvae were raised from fertilized eggs collected in coastal waters of the Japan Sea. Two series of rearing experiments were conducted in full strength salinity and at different water temperatures (ca 20 'C and 25"-27 "C). Salangichthys microdon larvae were reared in the laboratory from artificially fertilized eggs obtained from Yoshii River, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Incubation and rearing temperatures ranged from 11.8" to 13.7 "C.Ciliary movements in the gut epithelium were observed in larvae anaesthetized with MS 222 (0.01 %) and placed in a watch glass under a n ordinary light microscope. With transmittant light, the gut epithelium was visible through the transparent body wall. For additional histological studies, larvae at various stages were fixed in 10 % formalin. Serial paraffin sections (7 pm) were stained with Mayer's haemalaun and eosin.Larvae of the 3 clupeoid fishes do not hatch at the same developmental stage. Newly-hatched larvae of gizzard shad and anchovy appear to be in a much less advanced stage than herring larvae; mouth and gut lumen are not yet open, eyes unpigmented. Newly hatched herring are far more developed; their mouth and gut are functional and their eyes pigmented. However, the digestive organs are very similar in all 3 species at the stage of initial feeding. The gut is a long, straight tube reaching almost to the caudal base; it consists of foregut, midgut and hindgut. The lining of the foregut is composed of cuboidal epithelial cells; these cells are stratified near the pharyngeal portion. The lining of the relatively long midgut and of the short hindgut consists of a simp...

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The development of the gastric glands in Squalus acanthias

Ringoen

1919

Journal of Morphology

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Resumido por el autor, A. R. Ringoen.El desarrollo de las glitndulas gitstricas de Squalus acanthias.Los primeros vestigios de las glitndulas ghstricas pueden discernirse en el epitelio estomacal de 10s embriones de Acanthias de 133 mm. de longitud. Dicho epitelio se caracteriza en este estado por una gran actividad que se traduce por cambios locales. Grupos de celulas epiteliales presentan cambios en su reaccibn hacia el colorante empleado (hematoxilina fbrrica-naranja G ) , Tan pronto como una cblula epitelial entra a formar parte de uno de estos grupos, tanto el citoplasma como el n6cleo disminuyen su afinidad con el colorante citado. En 10s embriones de 137 mm. de longitud el epitelio gitstrico estit sembrado de grupos celulares bien definidos, separados por intervalos regulares. Tales grupos no estitn ya formados por cblulas epiteliales sin0 que representan 10s rudimentos de glhndulas. Su diferenciacibn ulterior comprime 10s extremos libres proximales de las cblulas del epitelio. A consecuencia de esta compresibn, las celulas situadas entre dos rudimentos glandulares adquieren una disposicibn en abanico cuando se observan en corte transversal. Los rudimentos glandulares crecen y penetran en el tejido mesod6rmico subyacente produciendo las glsindulas gAstricas. A medida que estas invaden el tejido mesodermico las cdlulas que las constituyen sufren una rotacibn, a1 final de la cual, las del fondo de la glhndula se colocan con sus ejes mayores formando un itngulo recto con la luz glandular. Una glhdula gitstrica de Acanthias completamente desarrollada es una estructura no ramificada. La diferenciacih de dos tipos celulares no se lleva a cab0 nunca.

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On the enteron of American ganoids

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Digestive and feeding characteristics of the chondrosteans

Digestive and feeding characteristics of the chondrosteans

Ciliary Movements in Guts of Early Clupeoid and Salangid Larvae

The development of the gastric glands in Squalus acanthias

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