On the Embryotoxic Effects of Benzene and Its Alkyl Derivatives in Mice, Rats and Rabbits

Ungváry, G; Tátrai, Erzsébet

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69928-3_95

Cited by 82 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Ungvary and co-workers (Ungvary et al 1983, Ungvary andTatrai 1985) exposed pregnant female CFY rats continuously (i.e., 24 hours/day) from days 7-15 of gestation to 120, 200, or 400 ppm (600, 1000, or 2000 mg/m 3 ) of Aromatol, 27 a branded product meeting the specifications of high flash aromatic naphtha. The majority of the animals were sacrificed on gestational day 21 and the uterine contents were examined, but there was an additional group containing dams that were allowed to deliver naturally.…”

Section: Developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lehotzky et al (1985aLehotzky et al ( , 1985b conducted a developmental neurotoxicity test with Aromatol as the test substance. As in the study by Ungvary and co-workers (Ungvary et al 1983, Ungvary andTatrai 1985), pregnant CFY rats were exposed 24 hours/day on gestational days 7-15. Exposure levels were 600, 1000, or 2000 mg/m 3 (120, 250, or 400 ppm).…”

Section: Developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

McKee

Adenuga

Carrillo

2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions derived from petroleum processing streams, containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, with carbon numbers ranging from approximately C5-C20 and boiling between approximately 35-370°C. Many of the hydrocarbon solvents have complex and variable compositions with constituents of 4 types, alkanes (normal paraffins, isoparaffins, and cycloparaffins) and aromatics (primarily alkylated one-and tworing species). Because of the compositional complexity, hydrocarbon solvents are now identified by a nomenclature ("the naming convention") that describes them in terms of physical/ chemical properties and compositional elements. Despite the compositional complexity, most hydrocarbon solvent constituents have similar toxicological properties, and the overall toxicological hazards can be characterized in generic terms. To facilitate hazard characterization, the solvents were divided into 9 groups (categories) of substances with similar physical and chemical properties. Hydrocarbon solvents can cause chemical pneumonitis if aspirated into the lung, and those that are volatile can cause acute CNS effects and/or ocular and respiratory irritation at exposure levels exceeding occupational recommendations. Otherwise, there are few toxicologically important effects. The exceptions, n-hexane and naphthalene, have unique toxicological properties, and those solvents containing constituents for which classification is required under the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) are differentiated by the substance names. Toxicological information from studies of representative substances was used to fulfill REACH registration requirements and to satisfy the needs of the OECD High Production Volume (HPV) initiative. As shown in the examples provided, the hazard characterization data can be used for hazard classification and for occupational exposure limit recommendations. Introduction Scope and purpose of the documentThe present document summarizes information on the physical/ chemical properties and toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents and provides examples of the ways in which the information on hazard characterization can be used for hazard classification and to set occupational exposure limits. Many of the toxicological studies were published separately, but the results are summarized herein and referenced in the appendices.Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions that are primarily produced by the distillation of petroleum feed stocks or their synthetic analogs (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch derived materials), sometimes followed by additional processing steps such as solvent extraction, hydrodesulfurization, or hydrogenation. 1 Most hydrocarbon solvents are complex substances with variable compositions and are best described as UVCB 2 (unknown and variable composition) substances, but some are single constituent (mono-constituent) substances. The complex and variable nature of these solvents is the consequence of their manufacturing processes. In short, most hydroca...

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Section: Developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

McKee

Adenuga

Carrillo

2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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“…The association between toluene exposure and fetotoxicity is also supported by effects on fetal somatic development in several other studies (20)(21)(22)(23)(24), which are summarized in Table 3. Effects oftoluene exposure on late fetal weights and skeletal maturation were reported in rats and mice; data in rabbits are weak.…”

Section: Fetal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…A further study by Ungvary and Tatrai demonstrated an increase in the incidence ofweight-retarded fetuses (i.e., < 0.9 g body weight) among dams exposed to 266 ppm toluene via inhalation chambers 3 periods of4 hr on each day between days 6 to 15 ofgestation (20). This index ofdevelopmental retardation was also increased in the fetuses ofdams exposed to 133 ppm toluene in the other study where mean fetal weight was reduced (22).…”

Section: Fetal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 76%

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Toluene: A Review

Donald¹,

Hooper²,

Hopenhayn‐Rich³

1991

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Untersuchungen an Ratten, Mäusen oder Kaninchen lieferten keine klaren Hinweise auf Beeinträchtigungen der Fortpflanzungsfähig-keit oder spezifische teratogene Wirkungen von Xylolen [84][85][86][87][88]. Auch hinsichtlich entwicklungsneurotoxischer Wirkungen ist die Evidenz schwach [89][90][91][92][93][94].…”

Section: Reproduktionstoxizitätunclassified

Richtwerte für Dimethylbenzole in der Innenraumluft

Umweltbundesamtes¹

2015

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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On the Embryotoxic Effects of Benzene and Its Alkyl Derivatives in Mice, Rats and Rabbits

Cited by 82 publications

References 7 publications

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Toluene: A Review

Richtwerte für Dimethylbenzole in der Innenraumluft

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