“…Indeed, the linear and nonlinear ill-posedness in any Sobolev space have been established in [32] and in [19], respectively. On the other hand, by assuming either real analyticity or some special structures (local Rayleigh condition) on the initial data, one is able to establish the local well-posedness, see [2,3,17,18,24,25,29]. Moreover, it was proven that smooth solutions to the inviscid PEs, in the absence of rotation, can develop singularities in finite time.…”