On the Effect of Multi-Packet Reception on Redundant Gateways in LoRAWANs

Ni, Minming; Jafarizadeh, Mehdi; Zheng, Rong

doi:10.1109/icc.2019.8761444

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The results of this work show that higher packet delivery rates are achieved with 4 GWs as the network coverage area increases. In [8], the impact of redundant packet reception at multiple gateways on data reliability is studied. This work models the Average Successful Transmission Probability (ASTP) as a function of end device density, gateway density, and traffic intensity thereby providing useful insights into the deployment of multiple gateways in LoRaWANs.…”

Section: Network Server (Ns)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although gateways in LoRaWAN networks can cover large areas of end devices, coverage problems still arise when the areas are too big. In such cases, the need to deploy multiple gateways arises [8,9]. In [8] the impact of redundant packet reception at multiple gateways on data reliability in the LoRaWAN architecture studied, while in [9], an adaptive algorithm for spreading factor selection in LoRaWAN networks with multiple gateways is proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Efficacy of Particle Swarm Optimization for Gateway Placement in LoRaWAN Networks

Nyirenda¹

2022

Optimisation Algorithms and Swarm Intelligence

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The efficacy of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in determining the optimal locations for gateways in LoRaWAN networks is investigated. A modified PSO approach, which introduces gateway distancing measures during the initialization phase and flight time, is proposed. For the ease of comparisons and the understanding of the behavior of the algorithms under study, a square LoRaWAN area is used for simulations. Optimization results on a LoRaWAN script, implemented in NS-3, show that the modified PSO converges faster and achieves better results than the traditional PSO, as the number of gateways increases. Results further show that the modified PSO approach achieves similar performance to a deterministic approach, in which gateways are uniformly distributed in the network. This shows that for swarm intelligence techniques such as PSO to be used for gateway placement in LoRaWAN networks, gateway distancing mechanisms must be incorporated in the optimization process. These results further show that these techniques can be easily deployed in geometrically more complex LoRaWAN figures such as rectangular, triangular, circular and trapezoidal shapes. It is generally difficult to figure out a deterministic gateway placement mechanism for such shapes. As part of future work, more realistic LoRaWAN networks will be developed by using real geographical information of an area.

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Section: Network Server (Ns)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Efficacy of Particle Swarm Optimization for Gateway Placement in LoRaWAN Networks

Nyirenda¹

2022

Optimisation Algorithms and Swarm Intelligence

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“…Since an end device transmits a packet in a broadcast manner, all the surrounding gateways can receive this packet and then send them to the remote server. The impact of redundant packet reception at multiple gateways in LoRaWANs is studied by [23]. The transmission from an end device is considered successful as long as it is received by one gateway.…”

Section: B Energy-fairness Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Energy-Fairness in LoRa Networks

Gao

Zhao

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE 39th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)

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LoRa has become one of the most promising networking technologies for Internet-of-Things applications. Distant end devices have to use a low data rate to reach a LoRa gateway, causing long in-the-air transmission time and high energy consumption. Compared with the end devices using high data rates, they will drain the batteries much earlier and the network may be broken early. Such an energy unfairness can be mitigated by deploying more gateways. However, with more gateways, more end devices may choose small spreading factors to reach closer gateways, increasing the collision probability. In this paper, we propose a networking solution for LoRa networks, namely EF-LoRa, that can achieve energy fairness among end devices by carefully allocating network resources, including frequency channels, spreading factors and transmission power. We develop a LoRa network model to study the energy consumption of the end devices, considering the unique features of LoRa networks such as the LoRaWAN MAC protocol and capacity limitation of a gateway. We formulate the energy fairness allocation as an optimization problem and propose a greedy allocation algorithm to achieve max-min fairness of energy efficiency. Extensive simulation results show that EF-LoRa can improve the energy fairness by 177.8%, compared to the stateof-the-art solutions.

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“…In such configuration, if the nodes do not receive an acknowledgment, due to an out of range communication or the presence of interfering signals, they wait for random period before transmitting again at the expense of the spectral efficiency. In the same context, authors in [7] propose to reduce the occurrence of destructive collisions in LoRaWAN by using redundant gateways. However, in this work, we propose a palliative approach at the physical layer level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced Receiver to Decode Superposed LoRa-Like Signals

Temim

Ferré

Laporte-Fauret

et al. 2020

IEEE Internet Things J.

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To cope with the exponential rise of emerging technology, there have been significant developments in intelligent communication systems aimed at low power and longrange wireless Internet of Things (IoT) communication. Among the various number of leading low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies, Long Range (LoRa) has emerged to be an attractive solution to connect devices in free bands. Operating in unlicensed bands requires connected objects to reduce their energy consumption. To this end, one of the adopted techniques is the random access to the radio channel, which leads to an increase in the probability of packet collisions. In this paper, we propose a new receiver capable to decode several IoT LoRa-Like signals simultaneously received with the same Spreading Factor which leads to destructive collisions. Based on the particular structure of the received signals and the Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) algorithm, we propose a novel approach to decode superposed LoRa-like signals iteratively. Simulations and real LoRa deployments are presented to validate the efficiency of our receiver.

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On the Effect of Multi-Packet Reception on Redundant Gateways in LoRAWANs

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

On the Efficacy of Particle Swarm Optimization for Gateway Placement in LoRaWAN Networks

On the Efficacy of Particle Swarm Optimization for Gateway Placement in LoRaWAN Networks

Towards Energy-Fairness in LoRa Networks

An Enhanced Receiver to Decode Superposed LoRa-Like Signals

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