On the Effect of Heterophilic Antibodies on Serum Levels of Cardiac Troponins: A Brief Descriptive Review

Chaulin, Aleksey M.

doi:10.3390/life12081114

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Taking into account the fact that myocardial hypertrophy is associated with cardiac troponin levels in healthy individuals [ 13 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 ], and in men the myocardial mass (physiological hypertrophy) is bigger than in women [ 56 , 61 ], the metabolism and renewal of cardiomyocytes can also be considered as a possible mechanism that explains the gender-based variations in the serum levels of cardiac troponins. This mechanism can also explain the gender-based differences in CK and CK–MB levels demonstrated in clinical studies [ 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ].…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms For the Formation Of Gender Specificitie...mentioning

confidence: 92%

Gender Specificities of Cardiac Troponin Serum Levels: From Formation Mechanisms to the Diagnostic Role in Case of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Chaulin

2023

Life

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Cardiac troponins T and I are the main (most sensitive and specific) laboratory indicators of myocardial cell damage. A combination of laboratory signs of myocardial cell damage (elevated levels of cardiac troponins T and I) with clinical (severe chest pain spreading to the left side of the human body) and functional (rise or depression of the ST segment, negative T wave or emergence of the Q wave according to electrocardiography and/or decrease in the contractility of myocardial areas exposed to ischemia according to echocardiography) signs of myocardial ischemia is indicative of the ischemic damage to cardiomyocytes, which is characteristic of the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Today, with early diagnostic algorithms for ACS, doctors rely on the threshold levels of cardiac troponins (99th percentile) and on the dynamic changes in the serum levels over several hours (one, two, or three) from the moment of admission to the emergency department. That said, some recently approved highly sensitive methods for determining troponins T and I show variations in 99th percentile reference levels, depending on gender. To date, there are conflicting data on the role of gender specificities in the serum levels of cardiac troponins T and I in the diagnostics of ACS, and the specific mechanisms for the formation of gender differences in the serum levels of cardiac troponins T and I are unknown. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of gender specificities in cardiac troponins T and I in the diagnostics of ACS, and to suggest the most likely mechanisms for the formation of differences in the serum levels of cardiac troponins in men and women.

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Section: Possible Mechanisms For the Formation Of Gender Specificitie...mentioning

confidence: 92%

Gender Specificities of Cardiac Troponin Serum Levels: From Formation Mechanisms to the Diagnostic Role in Case of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Chaulin

2023

Life

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“…An ELISA test kit manual for detecting hsCRP notes in its limitations that inaccuracies can occur due to HAAAs, and such mention can be seen in various immunoassay test kit manuals [ 1168 ]. HAs can also occur due to blood transfusion, multiparous women (and pregnancy in general), maternal transfer, hemodialysis, and transplants [ 1169 , 1170 , 1171 , 1172 ]. CRP can be elevated post total knee arthroplasty, but if false-negatives are suspended, it may again be due to HAs post-arthroplasty or other surgeries that can yield HA production due to foreign surgery-related antigens [ 1173 ].…”

Section: Current Evidence On C-reactive Protein and Potential Molecul...mentioning

confidence: 99%

C-Reactive Protein: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, False Test Results and a Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Clinicians

Mouliou

2023

Diseases

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The current literature provides a body of evidence on C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and its potential role in inflammation. However, most pieces of evidence are sparse and controversial. This critical state-of-the-art monography provides all the crucial data on the potential biochemical properties of the protein, along with further evidence on its potential pathobiology, both for its pentameric and monomeric forms, including information for its ligands as well as the possible function of autoantibodies against the protein. Furthermore, the current evidence on its potential utility as a biomarker of various diseases is presented, of all cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, renal, gynecological, andrological, dental, oral, otorhinolaryngological, ophthalmological, dermatological, musculoskeletal, neurological, mental, splenic, thyroid conditions, as well as infections, autoimmune-supposed conditions and neoplasms, including other possible factors that have been linked with elevated concentrations of that protein. Moreover, data on molecular diagnostics on CRP are discussed, and possible etiologies of false test results are highlighted. Additionally, this review evaluates all current pieces of evidence on CRP and systemic inflammation, and highlights future goals. Finally, a novel diagnostic algorithm to carefully assess the CRP level for a precise diagnosis of a medical condition is illustrated.

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An Overview on the Mechanisms of Myocardial Damage in Hypertension and the Diagnostic Contribution of Cardiospecific Troponins T and I

Chaulin

2023

TOCMJ

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Hypertension (HT) is one of the most common cardiovascular (CV) pathologies and a key risk factor for the development of CV disease and its complications. There are two main etiopathogenetic types of HT: primary and secondary. As a result of HT, damage to many organs (heart, blood vessels, retina, etc.) can occur. These organs are considered the main target organs in HT and assessment of their condition plays an important role for optimal management of patients with HT. Increased levels of cardiospecific troponins T and I, localized in the main type of myocardial cells (cardiomyocytes), may indicate myocardial damage. At the same time, the degree of myocardial damage may correlate with the degree of increase in cardiospecific troponins T and I. In recent studies, cardiospecific troponins T and I have established themselves as early and highly specific criteria for myocardial damage not only in myocardial infarction, but also in many other cardiac ( e.g., arrhythmias, endocarditis, myocarditis, takotsubo syndrome, or cardiomyopathy) and extra-cardiac ( e.g., renal failure, sepsis, or diabetes mellitus) conditions. Many authors suggest using cardiospecific troponins T and I as prognostic markers for the above pathologies. Thus, the determination of cardiospecific troponins T and I can provide additional diagnostic advantages in the management of patients with pathological conditions that damage the myocardium. The purpose of this article is to systematize information about the pathogenetic mechanisms of myocardial damage in HT and to consider the diagnostic contribution of cardiospecific troponins T and I for the management of patients with HT.

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On the Effect of Heterophilic Antibodies on Serum Levels of Cardiac Troponins: A Brief Descriptive Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Gender Specificities of Cardiac Troponin Serum Levels: From Formation Mechanisms to the Diagnostic Role in Case of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Gender Specificities of Cardiac Troponin Serum Levels: From Formation Mechanisms to the Diagnostic Role in Case of Acute Coronary Syndrome

C-Reactive Protein: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, False Test Results and a Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Clinicians

An Overview on the Mechanisms of Myocardial Damage in Hypertension and the Diagnostic Contribution of Cardiospecific Troponins T and I

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