On the Ecology of the Red Sea Littoral Salt Marsh, Egypt

Kassas, Mohamed El; Zahran, M. A.

doi:10.2307/1942326

Cited by 65 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…In Egypt, Zygophyllum album is an omnipresent species with a wider ecological range than Zygophyllum coccineum (Kassas and Girgis, 1965). It was recognized in several habitats of the country, such as in the littoral salt marshes (Kassas and Zahran, 1967), in the inland deserts, in the wadis of the limestone country (Kassas and Girgis, 1964), in the sand dunes of the oases of the Western Desert (Zahran, 1972), and in the inland salt marshes of Wadi El Natrun (Zahran and Girgis, 1970). The soil supporting its growth is characterized by high contents of sand, salinity, chlorides, sodium, and sulfates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and soil characteristics of the vegetation associated with common succulent plants in Egypt

El-Ghani¹,

Soliman²,

El-FATTAH³

2014

Turk J Bot

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Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Agavaceae, Asphodelaceae (Aloeaceae), Chenopodiaceae, and Portulacaceae (Oldfield, 1997). Succulents are native to many regions from northern Europe to the Far East, although most are concentrated in southern and eastern Africa. Exploration and trading over the last 4 centuries and natural distribution enabled cacti and succulents to establish themselves in new habitats across the world (Hewitt, 1993). Cactaceae is the largest family of succulent plants, nearly endemic to North and South America, followed by Aizoaceae in South Africa. Euphorbiaceae is considered the fourth largest family among flowering plants, with over than 1000 species and worldwide distribution.Succulents vary in shape and size from more than a few millimeters high to massive trees such as the African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.). Hewitt (1993) recognized 3 different habitats for succulents: 1) desert plains, including harsh dry habitats; (2) mountainous terrain, including high plateau, screes, and rocky slopes, where the soil is often very thin, does not retain much water, and has a high mineral content that can be toxic to nonsucculent plants; and 3) forests, where species inhabit subtropical and tropical rainforests such as those in Central and South America, Africa, Sri Lanka, and the West Indies, where the climate is constantly hot and humid and sunlight is filtered through a thick tree canopy. Economically, they can be used for medicinal (Aloe ferox Mill.) or mystical (Haworthia limifolia Marloth) purposes or as food [Fockea edulis (Thunberg) K.Schumann] and cordage (Sansevieria aethiopia Thunb.).Studies on succulent vegetation, distribution, phytosociology, and biodiversity are universally known

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution and soil characteristics of the vegetation associated with common succulent plants in Egypt

El-Ghani¹,

Soliman²,

El-FATTAH³

2014

Turk J Bot

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“…Such areas become extremely saline when water evaporates, concentrating the salt. In similarly open areas of raised sandy vegetation, Kassas & Zahran (1967) observed extremely high salinites. At Karitane North, this vegetation may have a cultural origin via destabilisation of the adjacent sand dunes and deposition of sand on to the marsh during blow outs.…”

Section: Axismentioning

confidence: 94%

Vegetation patterns in salt marshes of Otago, New Zealand

Partridge

Wilson

1988

New Zealand Journal of Botany

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Thirteen salt marshes of coastal Otago, New Zealand, were sampled and described using classification and ordination techniques, in an attempt to understand more about vegetation patterns both within marshes and amongst different marshes. Ordination indicates that the same set of primary factors is responsible for the salt marsh vegetation patterns of most marshes. These factors are all related to tides and are difficult to separate. Secondary factors common to most marshes are related to soil moisture, water ponding, and fresh water flow. This consistency results in characteristic and typical salt marsh communities zoned according to these factors. Each marsh, however, has anomalies which may be an important feature of that marsh. These create numerous peculiar and often unique plant communities which characterise the individual marshes. Often they can be correlated with edaphic differences or various cultural effects. With many marshes having been sampled, the simple community relationships seen within individual marshes become complex and difficult to interpret. As more marshes are examined the trends that can be seen by examining only a few marshes are seen to be misleading. Although superficially similar to salt marshes, lagoons are distinguished by a general absence of the typical plant communities. The flora is very similar to that of salt marshes, but the species associate in quite different ways.

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“…The small sheltered hays in the coral reefs along the shoreline of the Red Sea coastal plain favours the growth of mangal vegetation (Kassas, 1957). Avicennia marina usually grows in pure stands, but may be found mixed with Rhizophora mucronata as a codominant (Kassas and Zahran, 1967).…”

Section: -Hyperarid Eastem Desert Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within any locality, only a few zones are represented, each induding a mosaic of severa! communities depending on local topography and soil conditions (Kassas and Zahran, 1967). The most important communities in this habitat are : Halocnemum strobilaceum, and Limonium pruinosum communities in the region of the Gulf of Suez ; Arthrocnemum glaucum, Nitraria retusa, and Tamarix mannifera communities throughout the Red Sea coastal plain ; Limonium axillare, Aeluropus sp., and Sporobolus spicatus communities confined to localities in the southern part of the Red Sea coastal plain.…”

Section: -Hyperarid Eastem Desert Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic and vegetation gradients in the Mediterranean desert of Egypt

Ayyad¹,

Abdel-Razik²,

Mehanna³

1984

Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France. Actualités Botaniqu

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Summary.-The Mediterranean desert of Egypt is distinguished here into «arid» and «hyperarid» provinces on the basis of the ratio between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, and each is subdivided according to mean temperature of both the coldest and the hottest months. The arid provinces are :(a) the attenuated arid Mediterranean coastal belt, and (b) the accentuated arid inland province. The hyperarid provinces are :(a) with mild winter and very hot summer, (b) with mild winter and hot summer, and (c) with cool winter and hot summer. Spatial and temporal variations in elima tic elements in these provinces are provided.Local vegetational variations in each province are related to the impact of geomorphology and physiography on the local climatic and edaphic characteristics ; and the plant communities associated with these variations are listed.Résumé.-Le désert méditerranéen de l'Egypte est divisé ici entre deux catégories : provinces arides et provinces hyperarides, selon la relation qui existe entre les précipitations et l'éva-potranspiration potentielle ; chaque catégorie est subdivisée en fonction de la température moyenne des mois les plus froids et des mois les plus chauds. Les provinces arides sont :a) la ceinture côtière caractérisée par un climat méditerranéen aride atténué ; b) la province intérieure, avec un climat mé-diterranéen aride accentué. Les provinces hyperarides sont celles qui ont :a) un hiver modéré et un été très chaud ; b) un hiver modéré et un été chaud ; et c) un hiver froid et un été chaud. Les variations des éléments climatiques à travers le temps et l'espace dans ces provinces sont illustrées.Les variations dans le tapis végétal local de chaque province sont reliées à l'impact de la géomorphologie et de la physiographie sur les caractéristiques du climat local et du sol. Les communautés végétales liées à ces variations sont mentionnées.

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On the Ecology of the Red Sea Littoral Salt Marsh, Egypt

Cited by 65 publications

References 8 publications

Spatial distribution and soil characteristics of the vegetation associated with common succulent plants in Egypt

Spatial distribution and soil characteristics of the vegetation associated with common succulent plants in Egypt

Vegetation patterns in salt marshes of Otago, New Zealand

Climatic and vegetation gradients in the Mediterranean desert of Egypt

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