On the Early History of Museum Environment Control - Nationalmuseum and Gripsholm Castle in Sweden, c.1866-1932

Legnér, Mattias

doi:10.1179/sic.2011.56.2.125

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The provision of a reasonable climate for both objects and visitors had become a matter of concern to museums during the nineteenth century (Legnér, 2011;Eibl & Burmester, 2013, Luciani et al, 2013. In the early 1890s, the Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany, began the installation of a low-pressure steam heating system that not only heated the galleries, but also provided some humidification.…”

Section: Buildings Their Environments and Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, monitoring the effects of variations in RH on objects in the collection indicated that the value most suitable for paintings and most other works of art was 55-60%, regardless of temperature and the time of year, although this value was too high for armour, on which corrosion occurred unless it was coated with a wax finish; these conditions were also unsuitable for early Egyptian art works (McCabe, 1931). By the 1930s, many collections, particularly in the USA, had some degree of temperature and/or RH control, and museums in Europe were also investigating the possibilities of air conditioning or other forms of environmental control (Keeley & Rawlins, 1951;Legnér, 2011;Eibl & Burmester, 2013).…”

Section: Buildings Their Environments and Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Atkinson

2014

Studies in Conservation

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Conditions of relative humidity (RH) and temperature within museums and buildings holding collections of cultural heritage objects are often maintained around a strictly controlled set point of about 50 ± 5% RH and 20 or 21 ± 2°C to provide safe, stable conditions for hygroscopic artifacts. It has recently been proposed that these ranges should be relaxed to values that are less energy-intensive to maintain while still being safe for the objects in the collection, with the aim of reducing both carbon footprint and energy use. It is also suggested that conditions should be determined by the needs of individual objects and by the local climate of the region, rather than applying overall values across the museum as a whole. This proposal has led to much discussion within the conservation community. The suggested values, a stable humidity within the range 40-60% RH and a stable temperature within the range 16-25°C for most objects, apart from the most vulnerable, are derived from the results of experimental research on the responses of individual materials to particular conditions of RH and temperature, as well as observations of the behaviour of cultural heritage objects in their own environments and on loan. This paper describes briefly the historical and scientific background to the present discussion.

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Section: Buildings Their Environments and Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Buildings Their Environments and Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Atkinson

2014

Studies in Conservation

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“…The major appeal of these systems was that they allowed to produce a uniform indoor climate or even a different indoor climate from the outdoor one. However, the set-points to which many of the museums regulated their climate at the time were not based on concrete evidence that they really safeguarded the collections [3]. It is obvious that the awareness of this limitation led to the increase of studies focussed on the collections' needs on the coming years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change in cultural heritage: from energy consumption to artefacts’ conservation and building rehabilitation

Coelho

Silva

Henriques

2020

Energy and Buildings

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“…The control of these parameters has been studied in churches [3–5] and museums [6–9]. Microclimatic monitoring studies have also been conducted in open archaeological sites [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Thermo-Hygrometric Characterisation of the Archaeological Site of Plaza de l’Almoina (Valencia, Spain) for Preventive Conservation

Fernández-Navajas

Merello

Beltrán

et al. 2013

Sensors

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Preventive conservation requires monitoring and control of the parameters involved in the deterioration process, mainly temperature and relative humidity. It is important to characterise an archaeological site prior to carrying out comparative studies in the future for preventive conservation, either by regular studies to verify whether the conditions are constant, or occasional ones when the boundary conditions are altered. There are numerous covered archaeological sites, but few preventive conservation works that give special attention to the type of cover installed. In particular, there is no background of microclimatic studies in sites that are in the ground and, as in the Plaza de l’Almoina (Valencia, Spain), are buried and partially covered by a transparent roof. A large effect of the transparent cover was found by the sensors located below this area, with substantial increases in temperature and a decrease in the relative humidity during the day. Surrounding zones also have values above the recommended temperature values. On the other hand, the influence of a buried water drainage line near the site is notable, causing an increase in relative humidity levels in the surrounding areas. Multivariate statistical analyses enabled us to characterise the microclimate of the archaeological site, allowing future testing to determine whether the conservation conditions have been altered.

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On the Early History of Museum Environment Control - Nationalmuseum and Gripsholm Castle in Sweden, c.1866-1932

Abstract: NatiONalMusEuM aNd GripsHOlM CastlE iN swEdEN, c. Mattias Legnér

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Impact of climate change in cultural heritage: from energy consumption to artefacts’ conservation and building rehabilitation

Multivariate Thermo-Hygrometric Characterisation of the Archaeological Site of Plaza de l’Almoina (Valencia, Spain) for Preventive Conservation

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