Abstract. A complete description of symmetric spaces on a separable measure space with the Dunford-Pettis property is given. It is shown that ℓ 1 , c 0 and ℓ ∞ are the only symmetric sequence spaces with the DunfordPettis property, and that in the class of symmetric spaces on (0, α), 0 < α ≤ ∞, the only spaces with the Dunford-Pettis property areNew examples of Banach spaces showing that the Dunford-Pettis property is not a three-space property are also presented. As applications we obtain that the spaces (L 1 + L ∞ ) • and (L ∞ ) • have a unique symmetric structure, and we get a characterization of the Dunford-Pettis property of some Köthe-Bochner spaces.