On the development of non-pyramidal neurons and axons outside the cortical plate: The early marginal zone as a pallial anlage

Rickmann, Michael; Chronwall, Bibie M.; Wolff, J. R.

doi:10.1007/bf00318931

Cited by 182 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Then, the primordial plexiform layer appears, consisting of early postmigratory neurons and subpial neuropil (Marin-Padilla, 1983;Meyer and GonzalesHernadez, 1993;Zecevic et al, 1999). Some authors use the term early marginal zone for this layer (Rickmann et al, 1977;Larroche, 1981;Meyer et al, 2000). In the cortical primordium, it is now frequently termed the preplate (Stewart and Pearlman, 1987;Supér et al, 1998), and we have adopted that terminology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tangential Networks of Precocious Neurons and Early Axonal Outgrowth in the Embryonic Human Forebrain

Bystron¹,

Molnár²,

Otellin³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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We used a combination of immunohistochemistry and carbocyanine dye tracing to study neurons and their processes in the human embryonic forebrain, 4 -7 weeks after conception, before the onset of synaptogenesis. We discovered a widespread network of precocious MAP2 (microtubule-associated protein 2)-immunoreactive cells, with long, nonaxonal processes, before the appearance of the cortical plate and the establishment of thalamocortical connectivity. Dye tracing revealed that the processes of these precocious cells form tangential links between intermediate zones of the thalamus, ganglionic eminence, hypothalamus, and cortical preplate. The spatiotemporal distribution and morphology of the precocious neurons in the cortical preplate suggest that they are generated outside the cerebral wall rather than in the local ventricular zone. The first thalamocortical axons and axons of preplate cells extend across diencephalotelencephalic and striatocortical boundaries before the arrival of the first cortical plate neurons. Precocious cells may provide initial communication between subdivisions of the embryonic brain as well as guidance cues for navigation of growing axons and/or transverse neuronal migration.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tangential Networks of Precocious Neurons and Early Axonal Outgrowth in the Embryonic Human Forebrain

Bystron¹,

Molnár²,

Otellin³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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“…Development of the preplate, splitting of the cortical plate, and subplate development One of the earliest stages in cortical development is the formation of the primordial plexiform layer or preplate (Marin-Padilla, 1971;Rickman et al, 1997). This early postmitotic structure formed normally in both Lis1 heterozygotes and compound heterozygotes as demonstrated by the lighter staining laminar structure in the hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections at E12.5 ( Fig.…”

Section: Lis1 Dosagementioning

confidence: 97%

Multiple Dose-Dependent Effects ofLis1on Cerebral Cortical Development

Gambello¹,

Darling²,

Yingling³

et al. 2003

J. Neurosci.

168

153

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Humans with heterozygous inactivating mutations of the Lis1 gene display type I lissencephaly, a severe form of cortical dysplasia hypothesized to result from abnormal neuronal migration. Previously we reported the construction of an allelic series of the Lis1 gene in mice to analyze the effects of graded reduction of LIS1 protein on the pathogenesis of this disorder and demonstrated a cell autonomous defect in neuronal migration (Hirotsune et al., 1998). Here we report the systematic examination of the consequences of dosage reduction of LIS1 on neocortical development using wild-type, null heterozygous (45% LIS1 protein), and compound null/hypomorphic (35% LIS1 protein) mice. The development of the preplate, Cajal-Retzius cells, and the radial glial scaffold appeared unaffected by LIS1 levels. However, a dose-dependent morphologic change in disorganization of the subplate was noted. LIS1 dose-dependent defects in neuronal migration were found in vivo and in vitro. The position and number of mitotic cells in the ventricular zone were more abnormal as LIS1 levels decreased, suggesting defects in interkinetic nuclear migration and neuroblast proliferation. LIS1 dose-dependent progressive thinning of the cortex and ventricular zone occurred by programmed cell death. Thus, in addition to its requirement for cell autonomous neuronal migration, LIS1 influences the generation and survival of cortical ventricular zone neuroblasts. These studies reveal the importance of LIS1 levels in orderly cerebral cortical morphogenesis and suggest new insights into the pathogenesis of type I lissencephaly.

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“…These findings clearly show that an initial description of the subplate as layer VIb in the fetal cat (Marin-Padilla, 1971, 1972, 1978 was overly simplified and that it at best can only be applied to the first (earliest generated) wave of subplate neurons. For a detailed criticism of this original concept of the primordial plexiform layer (or preplate) see a recent review (Bystron et al 2008) as well as a number of recent studies which pointed out a previously unsuspected complexity of the early neocortical anlage in humans (Zecevic et al 1999;Meyer et al 2000;Zecevic & Rakic, 2001;Rakic & Zecevic, 2003;Bystron et al 2005Bystron et al , 2006 as well as in rodents (Rickmann et al 1977;Hevner et al 2003;Jimé nez et al 2003;Bielle et al 2005;García-Moreno et al 2007). …”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early history of subplate and interstitial neurons: from Theodor Meynert (1867) to the discovery of the subplate zone (1974)

2010

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In this historical review, we trace the early history of research on the fetal subplate zone, subplate neurons and interstitial neurons in the white matter of the adult nervous system. We arrive at several general conclusions. First, a century of research clearly testifies that interstitial neurons, subplate neurons and the subplate zone were first observed and variously described in the human brain -or, in more general terms, in large brains of gyrencephalic mammals, characterized by an abundant white matter and slow and protracted prenatal and postnatal development. Secondly, the subplate zone cannot be meaningfully defined using a single criterionbe it a specific population of cells, fibres or a specific molecular or genetic marker. The subplate zone is a highly dynamic architectonic compartment and its size and cellular composition do not remain constant during development. Thirdly, it is important to make a clear distinction between the subplate zone and the subplate (and interstitial) neurons. The transient existence of the subplate zone (as a specific architectonic compartment of the fetal telencephalic wall) should not be equated with the putative transient existence of subplate neurons. It is clear that in rodents, and to an even greater extent in humans and monkeys, a significant number of subplate cells survive and remain functional throughout life.

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On the development of non-pyramidal neurons and axons outside the cortical plate: The early marginal zone as a pallial anlage

Cited by 182 publications

References 38 publications

Tangential Networks of Precocious Neurons and Early Axonal Outgrowth in the Embryonic Human Forebrain

Tangential Networks of Precocious Neurons and Early Axonal Outgrowth in the Embryonic Human Forebrain

Multiple Dose-Dependent Effects ofLis1on Cerebral Cortical Development

Early history of subplate and interstitial neurons: from Theodor Meynert (1867) to the discovery of the subplate zone (1974)

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