On the control of energy storage systems for electric vehicles fast charging in service areas

Abstract

This paper presents a real time control strategy for energy storage systems integration in electric vehicles fast charging applications combined with generation from intermittent renewable energy sources. A two steps approach taking advantage of the model predictive control methodology is designed on purpose to optimally allocate the reference charging power while managing the priority among the plugged vehicles and then control the storage for efficiently sustaining the charging process. Two different use cases are considered: in the former the charging area is disconnected from the grid, so that the objective is to minimize the deviation of electric vehicles charging power from the nominal value; in the latter the focus is on the point of connection to the grid and the need of mitigating the related power flow. In both cases the fundamental requirement for feasible control system operation is to guarantee stability of the storage's state of charge over the time. Simulation results are provided and discussed in detail, showing the effectiveness of the proposed approach

On the many-to-many carpooling problem in the context of multi-modal trip planning

“…The simulation results show that the proposed heuristic approach provides an efficient solution to the considered problem and its computation time is compatible with a real-time implementation. The proposed approach is truly multi-modal, in that it is capable of handling combinations of any private and public transportation modes (e.g., train, bus, electric car-sharing in urban areas [38] [39]), ensuring that user preferences and constraints are simultaneously met. The authors plan to adjust the aggregation algorithm, for it to reach a high degree of scalability, thus exhibiting a reasonable computational complexity even as the multi-graph dimensions grow and the number of drivers and passengers is further increased.…”

A Survey on PEV Charging Infrastructure: Impact Assessment and Planning

“…Design of charging facility microgrids [64] Scheduling of distributed generation (DG) units in a charging facility microgrid [71] Control of the ESS in a charging facility microgrid [72] Expremental implementation of a charging facility microgrid [6] Control of the microgrid interaction with V2G technology [73] Schedulling PEVs charging/discharging to minimize the load variance [74] Within the distribution system Design of charging facilities to regulate voltage in distribution system with high PV penetration [75] Design of a smart energy microhub [5] Sizing and sitting of DG units in the distribution system with integrated charging facilities [19,76] PEVs coordination to acheive valley filling concept via V2G technology [77] Investigating the cababilty of V2G enabled PEVs in reactive power compansation [78] The first scheme is to design charging facilities with an on-roof PV system and/or an ESS. The main research problem is to size the PV system and determine the capacity of ESS, which minimize the grid dependency and maximize the utilization of the on-roof PV system.…”

“…Stochastic PF analysis based on unscented transform method can be used to model the forecasted errors in the hourly load demand, electricity price, output power of RES, and PEV charging demand. In [72], a control algorithm of the ESS is presented for a charging facility in grid-connected and standalone configurations. In the grid-connected configuration, the optimal charging point of ESS is determined, while considering the constraints on the power flow at the point of connection with the grid and the PEVs charging demand.…”

Securing Cyber-Physical Systems: An Optimization Framework based on OSSTMM and Genetic Algorithms

“…In recent years, the study of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) has become a topic of great interest for control system researchers, as CPSs bring together problems derived from classical control theory with concerns related to computer science and cyber-security [1]. In their most general definition, CPSs can be considered as interconnected systems that integrate both physical capabilities and computing power [2] and have found application in several fields, spacing from manufacturing [3], healthcare [4], telecommunication [5]- [7] and transportation [8] networks, power systems [9], [10] and aerospace [11].…”