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The study of textual reuse is of fundamental importance in reconstructing lost or partially lost texts, passages of which can be partly recovered through other texts in which they have been embedded. Furthermore, the study of textual reuse also provides one with a deeper understanding of the modalities of the production of texts out of previous textual materials. Finally, it constitutes a unique chance to reconsider the historicity of concepts such as "author", "originality" and "plagiarism", which do not denote really existing universals, but have rather evolved-and still evolve-in different ways in different cultural milieus. After a general introduction and an analysis of the historical background of textual reuse in India and Europe, the essay attempts some general conclusions regarding the formulas introducing instances of textual reuse in Classical South Asian texts.Keywords Originality · Indian Philosophy · Textual reuse · Quotations · Plagiarism · InterlanguageThe shrewds like imitating the others and pretend that the new and the modern things are their inventions. Instead, you have to imitate the men of the past by studying the written documentation. It is by refining the art of emulation during all one's life that one becomes wise.
The study of textual reuse is of fundamental importance in reconstructing lost or partially lost texts, passages of which can be partly recovered through other texts in which they have been embedded. Furthermore, the study of textual reuse also provides one with a deeper understanding of the modalities of the production of texts out of previous textual materials. Finally, it constitutes a unique chance to reconsider the historicity of concepts such as "author", "originality" and "plagiarism", which do not denote really existing universals, but have rather evolved-and still evolve-in different ways in different cultural milieus. After a general introduction and an analysis of the historical background of textual reuse in India and Europe, the essay attempts some general conclusions regarding the formulas introducing instances of textual reuse in Classical South Asian texts.Keywords Originality · Indian Philosophy · Textual reuse · Quotations · Plagiarism · InterlanguageThe shrewds like imitating the others and pretend that the new and the modern things are their inventions. Instead, you have to imitate the men of the past by studying the written documentation. It is by refining the art of emulation during all one's life that one becomes wise.
The prologue connects the histories of temporary migration of African soldiers to Europe during World War I with the migration from Africa to Europe in the present. It discusses the absence of memories and records of the earlier migration in European historiographies. It then examines the history and nature of the Lautarchiv (sound archive) at Humboldt University in Berlin, where recordings of African soldiers and civilians, made in the early twentieth century, are held, and suggests that we understand the speakers on the recordings as the makers of the Lautarchiv. In Fragment I, Samba Diallo, a soldier from Bougounie in French Sudan (now Mali), sings in Bamanakan of the war as “the catcher of the living.”
The introduction presents acoustic recordings from the Lautarchiv (sound archive) in Berlin as acoustic fragments of a polyphonic historical sound track of colonial knowledge production, which were sequestered in an archive for a century. These objectified recorded moments of speech are introduced as components of larger repertoires, which in some cases turn out to be splinters of the fabric of a discursive field transmitted in form of songs and stories. Although they have been isolated from a flock of interconnected utterances and ossified in the archive, these fragments may still complicate our understanding of voice. Close listening and translation allow readers to listen in on moments of knowledge production in German POW and civilian camps. In Fragment II, Jámafáda from Burkina Faso speaks in Mòoré of his experience of being conscripted into the French army and of losing his brothers on the way to Europe.
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