On the chemistry and stability of complex carbides and nitrides in microalloyed steels

Strid, Jan; Easterling, K. E.

doi:10.1016/0001-6160(85)90129-4

Cited by 98 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…[24][25][26][27] It is believed that Nb, both in solution and segregated to austenite grain boundaries, retards recovery and recrystallization of deformed austenite, where defects stored in the austenite provide additional intragranular nucleation sites for ferritic phases, [27] promoting the formation of lower temperature ferrite products. Nb segregation at austenite grain boundaries also reduces the interfacial energy and, consequently, makes those grain boundaries less effective nucleation sites for polygonal ferrite; [28] thus, a transformation to bainite/acicular ferrite is favored.…”

Section: B Effect Of Microalloying With Nbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nb Microalloying and Hot Rolling on Microstructure and Properties of Ultrathin Cast Strip Steels Produced by the CASTRIP® Process

Xie

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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The microstructure and corresponding tensile properties of both plain and Nb-microalloyed grades of ultrathin cast strip (UCS) low alloy steel produced using the CASTRIP Ò process were studied. Both as-cast and hot-rolled strip cast steels with various levels of Nb microalloying were manufactured and investigated in this study. Hot rolling had little effect on the yield strength of Nb microalloyed UCS specimens for a given chemical composition, but resulted in a slightly finer microstructure. The effect of Nb microalloying was significant, and this is attributable to the promotion of finer, tougher austenite transformation products such as bainite and acicular ferrite at the expense of large polygonal ferrite grains. A fine dispersion of Nb solute clusters was observed in all Nb-containing steels following hot rolling, and it is suggested that this also contributes to the observed strengthening.

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Section: B Effect Of Microalloying With Nbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nb Microalloying and Hot Rolling on Microstructure and Properties of Ultrathin Cast Strip Steels Produced by the CASTRIP® Process

Xie

Yao

Zhu

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The above compositional variation predicted by the thermodynamic analysis is a consequence of the continuous mutual solubility of the carbides and nitrides formed by Ti, Nb and V and of the decreasing solubility of the different carbides and nitrides with temperature in the giron. [1][2][3][4][5] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With typical N and Al contents such as those of the steels investigated, AlN is not likely to precipitate. 3,9,10) Finally, the thermal treatment stage performed by austenitising at 920°C, quenching and tempering only affects the less stable carbides and nitrides. Here, factors concerned with phase coalescence and non-equilibrium generation of new constituents assume greater importance but their study is beyond the scope of the present investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A proper design of the carbonitride precipitation sequence through control of composition, solidification and cooling rate is therefore of great importance and it was the subject of a large number of research works in the last decades. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] During recent years, particular attention was dedicated to optimisation of solidification conditions and avoidance of transversal and edge cracking, especially during continuous casting. From hot tensile testing and from industrial practice on microalloyed steel, it was established that a loss of ductility is often encountered at temperatures approximately ranging from 750 to 950°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Titanium Addition on Precipitate and Microstructural Control in C-Mn Microalloyed Steels.

Vedani

Mannucci

2002

ISIJ International

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A study was carried out on the effects of Ti in a Ti-lean and a Ti-modified C-Mn microalloyed steels of otherwise comparable compositions. Analyses were carried out by SEM and TEM on steel microstructure, microalloying element precipitates and on non-metallic inclusions. A theoretical support to the experimental data was obtained by thermodynamic analyses aimed at stating phase stability and composition as a function of temperature for the steels investigated. Experimental results and theoretical predictions were combined to cast light on carbide, nitride and sulphide evolution during thermal cycles associated to fabrication route of the steels.

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“…The results have contributed to the development of steels with superior properties by adjusting compositional and thermomechanical variables. Past studies to characterize precipitation in microalloyed steels have been mainly carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of extraction replicas and thin foils [14][15][16][17] . However, quantitative chemical analysis is also helpful to determine the amounts of microalloying elements in solid solution or contained in precipitates.…”

Section: I In Nt Tr Ro Od Du Uc Ct Ti Io On Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical extraction of microalloy carbides in Nb-steel

et al. 2008

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E El le ec ct tr ro oc ch he em mi ic ca al l e ex xt tr ra ac ct ti io on n o of f m mi ic cr ro oa al ll lo oy y c ca ar rb bi id de es s i in n N Nb b--s st te ee el l ( (• •) )A.L. Rivas * , E. Vidal ** , D.K. Matlock *** and J.G. Speer *** A Ab bs st tr ra ac ct t An electrochemical extraction technique was evaluated as a characterization method of precipitates in microalloyed steels. To carry out this study, a fully precipitated Nb-modified SAE 8620, was used. The investigation was accomplished by varying the electrolyte composition and the filter pore sizes used to collect the particles. The quantification of Nb was performed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Microscopy examination was also performed on extraction replicas and on residues collected in the acetate filters. Additionally, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) on the collected residues containing the precipitates was accomplished. The results showed that the dissolution rate is faster in the electrolyte consisting of 10 vol% HCl in water. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis along with chemical analysis by ICP-AES, showed that (Nb,Ti)C particles were collected in acetate filters with a pore size much larger than the precipitate size.K Ke ey yw wo or rd ds s (Nb,Ti)C precipitates; Electrochemical extraction; Steel matrix dissolution; Microalloyed steel; Anodic dissolution; Filtration.E Ex xt tr ra ac cc ci ió ón n e el le ec ct tr ro oq qu uí ím mi ic ca a d de e c ca ar rb bu ur ro os s d de e m mi ic cr ro oa al le ea ac ci ió ón n e en n N Nb b--a ac ce er ro o R Re es su um me en n La técnica de extracción electroquímica fue empleada para evaluar su efectividad en la caracterización de precipitados en aceros microaleados. Para realizar el estudio, se utilizó un acero SAE 8620 modificado con niobio. La investigación se llevó a cabo variando la composición del electrolito utilizado en la disolución electroquímica de la matriz y el tamaño de poro de los filtros usados para recolectar las partículas precipitadas. La cuantificación del contenido de Nb se hizo por espectroscopia de emisión atómica de plasma (ICP-AES). Además, las muestras obtenidas por réplicas de extracción y las provenientes de los residuos recolectados en los filtros fueron analizadas mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión. Estas últimas muestras, también fueron caracterizadas por difracción de rayos X. Los resultados mostraron que la velocidad de disolución electroquímica de las muestras es mayor en el electrolito acuoso con 10 vol. % HCl. Adicionalmente, el análisis mediante microscopía electrónica de transmisión, en combinación con los análisis químicos mediante ICP-AES, mostró que las partículas de (Nb,Ti)C son recolectadas en filtros de acetato con tamaños de poro mucho mayor que el tamaño de las partículas precipitadas. P Pa al la ab br ra as s c cl la av ve e (Nb,Ti)C precipitados; Extracción electroquímica; Disolución electroquímica de la matriz de acero; Aceros microaleados; Disolución anódica de matriz...

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On the chemistry and stability of complex carbides and nitrides in microalloyed steels

Cited by 98 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of Nb Microalloying and Hot Rolling on Microstructure and Properties of Ultrathin Cast Strip Steels Produced by the CASTRIP® Process

Effect of Nb Microalloying and Hot Rolling on Microstructure and Properties of Ultrathin Cast Strip Steels Produced by the CASTRIP® Process

Effects of Titanium Addition on Precipitate and Microstructural Control in C-Mn Microalloyed Steels.

Electrochemical extraction of microalloy carbides in Nb-steel

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