On the Behaviour of Living Cells under the Influence of Ultrasound

Rubin, David M.; Anderton, Nicole; Smalberger, Charl; Polliack, Jethro; Nathan, Malavika; Postema, Michiel

doi:10.3390/fluids3040082

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…In this study, we use low-frequency ultrasound under conditions that do not damage the normal cells but penetrate tissue and apply mechanical stresses on cells through pressure pulses. 16 Many applications for low-frequency ultrasound have been approved for human use and there is little evidence of damage to normal tissue by ultrasound. [17][18][19] Consistent with those observations, we find that tumor cells, tumors and tumor organoids are killed by ultrasound in a frequency range and at power levels that are approved for human use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-mediated mechanical forces selectively kill tumor cells

Tijore

Margadant

Yao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Ultrasound has been used to target tumors either through local heating or local nanobubbles but these methods damage surrounding normal cells in the target area. Recent studies show that tumor cells are susceptible to mechanical stresses and undergo calcium-dependent apoptosis under conditions that promote normal cell growth. Here we report that low-frequency ultrasound causes apoptosis of tumor cells by activating a calpain-dependent mitochondrial pathway that depends upon calcium entry through the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels. This is a general property of all tumor cell lines tested so far irrespective of tissue origin. In animals, ultrasound irradiation causes tumor killing in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model with relatively little damage to the chick embryos. Further, patient-derived pancreatic tumor organoids are killed by ultrasound treatment. Because low-level ultrasound causes apoptosis of tumor cells from many different tissues in different microenvironments, it may offer a safe non-invasive approach to augment tumor treatments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-mediated mechanical forces selectively kill tumor cells

Tijore

Margadant

Yao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Lower actuation frequency could be useful for handling samples that contain living cells, as high frequency could induce undesired effects such as cell proliferation, differentiation, lysis etc. [28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustofluidic Micromixing Enabled Hybrid Integrated Colorimetric Sensing, for Rapid Point-of-Care Measurement of Salivary Potassium

et al. 2019

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The integration of microfluidics with advanced biosensor technologies offers tremendous advantages such as smaller sample volume requirement and precise handling of samples and reagents, for developing affordable point-of-care testing methodologies that could be used in hospitals for monitoring patients. However, the success and popularity of point-of-care diagnosis lies with the generation of instantaneous and reliable results through in situ tests conducted in a painless, non-invasive manner. This work presents the development of a simple, hybrid integrated optical microfluidic biosensor for rapid detection of analytes in test samples. The proposed biosensor works on the principle of colorimetric optical absorption, wherein samples mixed with suitable chromogenic substrates induce a color change dependent upon the analyte concentration that could then be detected by the absorbance of light in its path length. This optical detection scheme has been hybrid integrated with an acoustofluidic micromixing unit to enable uniform mixing of fluids within the device. As a proof-of-concept, we have demonstrated the real-time application of our biosensor format for the detection of potassium in whole saliva samples. The results show that our lab-on-a-chip technology could provide a useful strategy in biomedical diagnoses for rapid analyte detection towards clinical point-of-care testing applications.

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“…Sonication is a practicable technology [57] that has been applied at full-scale in the wastewater industry for waste sludge pretreatment to improve the anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge. This is achieved by disrupting the biomass to shorten the hydrolytic phase of fermentation, increase the production of biogas as a source of renewable energy and to improve the mineralization and stability of fermented sludge [57,58]. As sonication causes cellular disruption it is also a suitable technique for extracting enzymes from AS.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Enzyme Release By Ultrasonic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solids Content in Sludge: Ultrasonic conditions for effective cell disruption are often specific to the characteristics of the target material [57]. The core principle of sonication treatment is the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical vibrations that generate cycles of cavitation bubble formation and collapse, producing biologically disruptive shear forces at the cellular level.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Efficiency Of Enzyme Extraction By Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Recovery from Biological Wastewater Treatment

Liu¹,

Smith²

2020

Waste Biomass Valor

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Enzymes are high value industrial bio-catalysts with extensive applications in a wide range of manufacturing and processing sectors, including the agricultural, food and household care industries. The catalytic efficiency of enzymes can be several orders higher compared to inorganic chemical catalysts under mild conditions. However, the nutrient medium necessary for biomass culture represents a significant cost to industrial enzyme production. Activated sludge (AS) is a waste product of biological wastewater treatment and consists of microbial biomass that degrades organic matter by producing substantial quantities of hydrolytic enzymes. Therefore, enzyme recovery from AS offers an alternative, potentially viable approach to industrial enzyme production. Enzyme extraction from disrupted AS flocs is technically feasible and has been demonstrated at experimental-scale. A critical review of disruption techniques identified sonication as potentially the most effective and suitable method for enzyme extraction, which can be scaled up and is a familiar technology to the water industry. The yields of different enzymes are influenced by wastewater treatment conditions, and particularly the composition, and can also be controlled by feeding sludge with specific target substrates. Nevertheless, hydrolytic enzymes can be effectively extracted directly from waste AS without specific modifications to standard wastewater treatment processes. Purification, concentration and stabilisation/immobilisation techniques can also greatly expand the industrial application and increase the economic value and marketability of enzyme products extracted from AS. Concentrated and purified AS enzymes could readily substitute inorganic and/or commercial bioenzyme catalysts in many industrial applications including, for example, leather processing, and in detergent and animal feed formulation. Enzyme extraction from AS therefore offers significant economic benefits to the Water Industry by recovering valuable resources from wastewater. They can also optimise important waste treatment processes, such as the anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge, increasing biogas and renewable energy production. The enzyme-extracted sludge exhibits improved treatment properties, such as increased settleability, dewaterability, and anaerobic digestibility for biogas production, assisting sludge management by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and enabling the further utilisation of the residual sludge. Graphic Abstract

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On the Behaviour of Living Cells under the Influence of Ultrasound

Cited by 24 publications

References 95 publications

Ultrasound-mediated mechanical forces selectively kill tumor cells

Ultrasound-mediated mechanical forces selectively kill tumor cells

Acoustofluidic Micromixing Enabled Hybrid Integrated Colorimetric Sensing, for Rapid Point-of-Care Measurement of Salivary Potassium

Enzyme Recovery from Biological Wastewater Treatment

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