On the Atlantic–Pacific Niños connection: a multidecadal modulated mode

Martín‐Rey, Marta; Rodríguez‐Fonseca, Belén; Polo, Irene; Kucharski, Fred

doi:10.1007/s00382-014-2305-3

Cited by 96 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, both observations and ATL_VAR show strongest correlations at the beginning and the end of the 20th century, and overall weaker correlations in the middle of the century, although the phasing is somewhat different between observations and the model. Overall, the results from this analysis are consistent with the recent work by [4,10,11]. …”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Overall, the correlations for the whole period (1901 to 2010) are negative, as expected from the mechanism identified in the previous sections (-0.35 for observations and -0.36 for ATL_VAR, both statistically significant at the 95% confidence level). However, as suggested by [4,10,11], there are strong decadal variations in both the observations and ATL_VAR. In addition, both observations and ATL_VAR show strongest correlations at the beginning and the end of the 20th century, and overall weaker correlations in the middle of the century, although the phasing is somewhat different between observations and the model.…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Losada et al [50] have shown that the decadal changes in the spatial structure of the Atlantic Niño (Niña) also play a role in the decadal variations of the Atlantic-Pacific connection, favoring the inter-basin teleconnection after the 1970s. Here, we provide a brief analysis of the decadal variations on the inter-annual Atlantic Niño-Pacific connection by making use of the results from [11], who showed that the correlation between the boreal summer ATL3 index and the summer central-western equatorial Pacific zonal wind stress exhibits strong decadal variations, with strong relationships in the beginning and end of the 20th century and a weak relationship in the middle of the 20th century. Multidecadal variations in the ITCZ Pacific variability were already noticed by previous authors without considering that the Atlantic could be the forcing (e.g., [51]).…”

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In this paper, the teleconnections from the tropical Atlantic to the Indo-Pacific region from inter-annual to centennial time scales will be reviewed. Identified teleconnections and hypotheses on mechanisms at work are reviewed and further explored in a century-long pacemaker coupled ocean-atmosphere simulation ensemble. There is a substantial impact of the tropical Atlantic on the Pacific region at inter-annual time scales. An Atlantic Niño (Niña) event leads to rising (sinking) motion in the Atlantic region, which is compensated by sinking (rising) motion in the central-western Pacific. The sinking (rising) motion in the central-western Pacific induces easterly (westerly) surface wind anomalies just to the west, which alter the thermocline. These perturbations propagate eastward as upwelling (downwelling) Kelvin-waves, where they increase the probability for a La Niña (El Niño) event. Moreover, tropical North Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies are also able to lead La Niña/El Niño development. At multidecadal time scales, a positive (negative) Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation leads to a cooling (warming) of the eastern Pacific and a warming (cooling) of the western Pacific and Indian Ocean regions. The physical mechanism for this impact is similar to that at inter-annual time scales. At centennial time scales, the Atlantic warming induces a substantial reduction of the eastern Pacific warming even under CO 2 increase and to a strong subsurface cooling.

show abstract

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: North Tropical Atlantic-pacific Teleconnectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1e-h, the WBA is obviously composed of some intrinsic interannual and decadal components (see also Martín-Rey et al 2014), in addition to the long-term secular warming trend. However, the variability of the WBA is not linear and therefore merely subtracting the linear trends from the datasets may not be an effective way to extract the intrinsic variability.…”

Section: B Sst Data Filtermentioning

confidence: 94%

An Equatorial–Extratropical Dipole Structure of the Atlantic Niño

Nnamchi

Kucharski

et al. 2016

Journal of Climate

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Equatorial Atlantic variability is dominated by the Atlantic Niño peaking during the boreal summer. Studies have shown robust links of the Atlantic Niño to fluctuations of the St. Helena subtropical anticyclone and Benguela Niño events. Furthermore, the occurrence of opposite sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial and southwestern extratropical South Atlantic Ocean (SAO), also peaking in boreal summer, has recently been identified and termed the SAO dipole (SAOD). However, the extent to which and how the Atlantic Niño and SAOD are related remain unclear. Here, an analysis of historical observations reveals the Atlantic Niño as a possible intrinsic equatorial arm of the SAOD. Specifically, the observed sporadic equatorial warming characteristic of the Atlantic Niño (;0.4 K) is consistently linked to southwestern cooling (;20.4 K) of the Atlantic Ocean during the boreal summer. Heat budget calculations show that the SAOD is largely driven by the surface net heat flux anomalies while ocean dynamics may be of secondary importance. Perturbations of the St. Helena anticyclone appear to be the dominant mechanism triggering the surface heat flux anomalies. A weakening of the anticyclone will tend to weaken the prevailing northeasterlies and enhance evaporative cooling over the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. In the equatorial region, the southeast trade winds weaken, thereby suppressing evaporation and leading to net surface warming. Thus, it is hypothesized that the wind-evaporation-SST feedback may be responsible for the growth of the SAOD events linking southern extratropics and equatorial Atlantic variability via surface net heat flux anomalies.

show abstract

“…Although the separated influence of the tropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans on NESA has been documented, to our knowledge there is no work tackling on the stationarity of their relationship with NESA rainfall. Moreover, recent studies have found how the Atlantic and Pacific Niños appear anticorrelated in summer during the decades after the 1970s and at the beginning of the XX century (Polo et al, 2008(Polo et al, , 2015Rodríguez-Fonseca et al, 2009;Martín-Rey et al, 2012, 2014. The concomitant action of both basins on the NESA rainfall region has not been yet explored, although important impacts have been found for the Sahel (Losada et al, 2012;Rodríguez-Fonseca et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The non-stationary influence of the Atlantic and Pacific Niños on North Eastern South American rainfall

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rainfall variability over the tropical Atlantic region is dominated by changes in the surface temperature of the surrounding oceans. In particular, the oceanic forcing over Northeast of South America is dominated by the Atlantic interhemispheric temperature gradient, which leads its predictability. Nevertheless, in recent decades, the SST influence on rainfall variability in some tropical Atlantic regions has been found to be non-stationary, with important changes of the Atlantic and Pacific influence on Sahelian rainfall which appear to be modulated at multidecadal timescales. In this work, we revisit the SST influence over Northeast of South America including the analysis of the stationarity of this relationship at interannual timescales. Principal Component Analysis has been applied to the interannual component of rainfall during the March-April-May season. Results show how the SST forcing on the first mode of rainfall variability, which is a dipole-like pattern generated by the changes in the seasonal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, is different depending of the considered period. The response to the SST anomalies in the Pacific basin is opposite to the Atlantic one and affects different areas. The Atlantic Niño influences rainfall variability at the beginning of the XX century and after 1970, while the Pacific Niño plays a major role in the variability of the rainfall in the Northeast of South America from 1970 onwards. The combined effect of both basins after the 1970s amplifies the anomalous rainfall response.

show abstract

On the Atlantic–Pacific Niños connection: a multidecadal modulated mode

Cited by 96 publications

References 67 publications

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

The Teleconnection of the Tropical Atlantic to Indo-Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures on Inter-Annual to Centennial Time Scales: A Review of Recent Findings

An Equatorial–Extratropical Dipole Structure of the Atlantic Niño

The non-stationary influence of the Atlantic and Pacific Niños on North Eastern South American rainfall

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About