On the assessment of urban heat island phenomenon and its effects on building energy performance: A case study of Rome (Italy)

Guattari, Claudia; Evangelisti, Luca; Balaras, Constantinos A.

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.050

Cited by 79 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition, the so-called Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon has developed. UHI is represented by the temperature rises in areas characterized by a high urban fabric, if associated to the surrounding rural areas [1]. The evaluation of the UHI phenomenon is crucial to design plants effectively and to evaluate the buildings' energy needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Performance of a Green Roof

et al. 2020

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In the building sector, both passive and active systems are essential for achieving a high-energy performance. Considering passive solutions, green roofs represent a sustainable answer, allowing buildings to reach energy savings, and also reducing the collateral effect of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. In this study, a roof-lawn system was investigated by means of an extended measurement campaign, monitoring the heat transfer across the roof. Heat-flow meters and air- and surface-temperature probes were applied in a real building, in order to compare the performance of the roof-lawn system with a conventional roof. This experimental approach was followed to quantify the different thermal behaviors of the building components. Moreover, an equivalent thermal model of the roof-lawn system was studied, in order to obtain the equivalent thermal properties of the roof, useful for setting building models for yearly energy simulations. The roof-lawn system revealed its advantages, showing a higher thermal inertia with no overheating in summertime and a lower thermal transmittance with energy savings in wintertime, and, consequently, better indoor conditions for the occupants of the building.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Performance of a Green Roof

et al. 2020

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“…Furthermore, the respective studies have employed the T air urban-rural differences (∆TU-R) to estimate the "urban heat island intensity" (UHI), typically defined as the difference between the daily maximum air temperature in the urban center and surrounding suburban area [39]. Yet, in other studies, it is the difference between the average monthly T air values, observed in an urban and a rural site, which is estimated to assess the differentiation of the urban microclimate parameters [8,40].…”

Section: Experimental Methods-onsite Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the considerable advances of measurement devices, additional climatic parameters including wind speed values, radiation fluxes and turbulence variations can be also experimentally evaluated to acquire a global perspective of the effect of urban morphology on the local microclimatic conditions [51][52][53]. Guattari et al [40] have compared climatic records from a reference weather station located in a low-density area in the suburbs of the city of Rome with the respective on-site climatic measurements at a densely built urban area. The analysis concerned measurements of dry bulb temperature, wind speed and relative humidity of a two-year period.…”

Section: Experimental Methods-onsite Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban Warming and Cities’ Microclimates: Investigation Methods and Mitigation Strategies—A Review

et al. 2020

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The increased rates of urbanization and industrialization of the 20th and 21st centuries have dramatically changed the land use and cover of modern cities, contributing to the degradation of the urban microclimate and the rise of the ambient urban air temperatures. Given the multiple negative energy, environmental and social consequences of urban warming, the present paper summarizes the findings of previous studies, assessing the main causes of the phenomenon along with the key investigation methods involving experimental and computational approaches. There follows a description of the most common mitigations, and adaption strategies towards the attenuation of urban warming are described. The analyzed elements include the addition of green spaces such as trees, grass and green roofs; changes on the albedo of the urban surfaces and water-based techniques, as well as a combination of them. The discussion of the reported findings in the existing literature clearly reflects the impact of urban morphology on the outdoor thermal environment, providing also useful information for professionals and urban planners involved at the phase of decision-making.

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“…In the previous sections, we have demonstrated that there was strong evidence on the interrelation between the urban fabric and texture, the urban energy demand, the outdoor thermal comfort and the energy system. Referring to the example of hot climates, it was shown that wind flow, induced by urban form design, plays an essential role in passive or active ventilation systems, helping to reduce the cooling load of buildings [200] and urban heat island [201] and to enhance the thermal comfort and thermal circulation around buildings. Furthermore, research works have pointed to an indirect relation between wind flow rate in urban canopies and average surface temperature in urban areas [31], [32] which can directly or indirectly affect the heat gain through external walls [53] and consequently the cooling load of building [80].…”

Section: Section 6: Integrated Workflowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of assessment methods for the urban environment and its energy sustainability to guarantee climate adaptation of future cities

Mauree

Naboni

Coccolo

et al. 2019

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

145

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Reviewed assessment methods for the urban environment • Critically analysed papers working on urban climate and energy demand, outdoor thermal comfort and the urban energy systems. • Demonstrated the links between the processes • An integrated workflow is proposed for assessment of the urban environment. AbstractThe current climate change is calling for a drastic reduction of energy demand as well as of greenhouse gases. Besides this, cities also need to adapt to face the challenges related to climate change. Cities, with their complex urban texture and fabric, can be represented as a diverse ecosystem that does not have a clear and defined boundary. Multiple software tools that have been developed, in recent years, for assessment of urban climate, building energy demand, the outdoor thermal comfort and the energy systems. In this review, we, however, noted that these tools often address only one or two of these urban planning aspects. There is nonetheless an intricate link between them. For instance, the outdoor comfort assessment has shown that there is a strong link between biometeorology and architecture and urban climate. Additionally, to address the challenges of the energy transition, there will be a convergence of the energy needs in the future with an energy nexus regrouping the energy demand of urban areas. It is also highlighted that the uncertainty related to future climatic data makes urban adaptation and mitigation strategies complex to implement and to design given the lack of a comprehensive framework. We thus conclude by suggesting the need for a holistic interface to take into account this multi-dimensional problem. With the help of such a platform, a positive loop in urban design can be initiated leading to the development of low carbon cities and/or with the use of blue and green infrastructure to have a positive impact on the mitigation and adaptation strategies.

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On the assessment of urban heat island phenomenon and its effects on building energy performance: A case study of Rome (Italy)

Cited by 79 publications

References 30 publications

Experimental Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Performance of a Green Roof

Experimental Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Performance of a Green Roof

Urban Warming and Cities’ Microclimates: Investigation Methods and Mitigation Strategies—A Review

A review of assessment methods for the urban environment and its energy sustainability to guarantee climate adaptation of future cities

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