On the assessment of pedestrian distress in urban winds

Vita, Giulio; Shu, Z.R.; Jesson, Mike; Quinn, Andrew; Hemida, Hassan; Sterling, Mark; Baker, C.J.

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104200

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The "Urban Winds" research project comprises a full-scale field test conducted during an experimental campaign at the UoB campus, with the campus being a good representation of highrise buildings insisting on a typical urban environment. The setup is then reproduced using physical and numerical simulations, compared in a detailed way to understand the adequacy of low-and high-fidelity methods for predicting the behavior [20]. Measurements were taken during a major disruptive wind event, namely storm Ophelia occurring on the 12th October 2017 in the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Framework Of the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study spurs from research done at the University of Birmingham on pedestrian level winds [20]. The adequacy of various physical and numerical simulation techniques has been tested to assess pedestrian distress in full-scale conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The work adds to the rather limited results on LES applicability to urban wind assessment and provides some indications to practitioners which might contribute to the building of much needed LES BPGs for the urban environment. As the work is validated extensively in previous research using wind tunnel testing [20,21], this pure numerical study explores a variety of geometries and domain to understand the feasibility of LES as a cost-effective tool for the prediction of the urban wind above high-rise buildings, which is of interest for urban wind energy and structural safety applications. The Campus of the University of Birmingham (UoB) in the UK is simulated with various configurations and results focus on its two high-rise buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Campus of the University of Birmingham (UoB) in the UK is simulated with various configurations and results focus on its two high-rise buildings. The model is ancillary to a broader research on pedestrian distress in urban winds, reported in detail in [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Inflow Turbulence and Surrounding Buildings on Large Eddy Simulations of Urban Wind Energy

et al. 2020

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Predicting flow patterns that develop on the roof of high-rise buildings is critical for the development of urban wind energy. In particular, the performance and reliability of devices largely depends on the positioning strategy, a major unresolved challenge. This work aims at investigating the effect of variations in the turbulent inflow and the geometric model on the flow patterns that develop on the roof of tall buildings in the realistic configuration of the University of Birmingham’s campus in the United Kingdom (UK). Results confirm that the accuracy of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) predictions is only marginally affected by differences in the inflow mean wind speed and turbulence intensity, provided that turbulence is not absent. The effect of the presence of surrounding buildings is also investigated and found to be marginal to the results if the inflow is turbulent. The integral length scale is the parameter most affected by the turbulence characteristics of the inflow, while gustiness is only marginally influenced. This work will contribute to LES applications on the urban wind resource and their computational setup simplification.

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Section: Framework Of the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Inflow Turbulence and Surrounding Buildings on Large Eddy Simulations of Urban Wind Energy

et al. 2020

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“…The measurement system mainly consists of a meteorological tower equipped with sonic anemometers to capture the aforementioned quantities.Moreover, balloons were launched at the same location to measure velocity, temperature and pressure as well as to gather PM data. Furthermore, additional meteorological stations were distributed over the site in order to gather additional measurements.Vita et al[58] present a complete study on the assessment of pedestrian distress in urban environments comparing full-scale experimental techniques with wind-tunnel approaches as well as numerical methodologies. They distributed eight sonic anemometers over the streets at a distance from the ground of 2 m. In addition to those probes, a reference anemometer is permanently working.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Structure of Urban Flows

Torres¹,

Clainche²,

Vinuesa³

2020

Preprint

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Understanding the flow in urban environments is an increasingly relevant problem due to its significant impact on air quality and thermal effects in cities worldwide. In this review we provide an overview of efforts based on experiments and simulations to gain insight into this complex physical phenomenon. We highlight the relevance of coherent structures in urban flows, which are responsible for the pollutant-dispersion and thermal fields in the city. We also suggest a more widespread use of data-driven methods to characterize flow structures as a way to further understand the dynamics of urban flows, with the aim of tackling the important sustainability challenges associated to them.

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Recent advances in modeling turbulent wind flow at pedestrian-level in the built environment

Zhong

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2022

ARIN

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Pressing problems in urban ventilation and thermal comfort affecting pedestrians related to current urban development and densification are increasingly dealt with from the perspective of climate change adaptation strategies. In recent research efforts, the prime objective is to accurately assess pedestrian-level wind (PLW) environments by using different simulation approaches that have reasonable computational time. This review aims to provide insights into the most recent PLW studies that use both established and data-driven simulation approaches during the last 5 years, covering 215 articles using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and typical data-driven models. We observe that steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (SRANS) simulations are still the most dominantly used approach. Due to the model uncertainty embedded in the SRANS approach, a sensitivity test is recommended as a remedial measure for using SRANS. Another noted thriving trend is conducting unsteady-state simulations using high-efficiency methods. Specifically, both the massively parallelized large-eddy simulation (LES) and hybrid LES-RANS offer high computational efficiency and accuracy. While data-driven models are in general believed to be more computationally efficient in predicting PLW dynamics, they in fact still call for substantial computational resources and efforts if the time for development, training and validation of a data-driven model is taken into account. The synthesized understanding of these modeling approaches is expected to facilitate the choosing of proper simulation approaches for PLW environment studies, to ultimately serving urban planning and building designs with respect to pedestrian comfort and urban ventilation assessment.

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On the assessment of pedestrian distress in urban winds

Cited by 34 publications

References 66 publications

Role of Inflow Turbulence and Surrounding Buildings on Large Eddy Simulations of Urban Wind Energy

Role of Inflow Turbulence and Surrounding Buildings on Large Eddy Simulations of Urban Wind Energy

The Structure of Urban Flows

Recent advances in modeling turbulent wind flow at pedestrian-level in the built environment

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