On the annual variation and spectral distribution of atmospheric energy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;

Wiin‐Nielsen, A.

doi:10.3402/tellusa.v19i4.9822

Cited by 89 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This deflection of the energy distribution is attributable to the meridional component of the kinetic energy. These results are consistent with previous research (e. g., Wiin-Nielsen, 1967). The energy distributions for the gravity modes follow the -5/3 power law , which is regarded as.…”

Section: Energy Distributionssupporting

confidence: 83%

Global Energetics Analysis by Expansion into Three-Dimensional Normal Mode Functions during the FGGE Winter

Tanaka

1985

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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A diagnostic energetics scheme is developed in order to investigate the energy flows among three-dimensional normal modes (Hough modes in horizontal) in the atmosphere. This scheme is applied to the GFDL version of the FGGE level IIIb data during the winter from December 1978 to February 1979.The resultant energy flow is summarized as follows: available potential energy generated at zonal baroclinic modes (especially at the vertical mode m=4) is directly converted into kinetic energy of the planetary scale barotropic mode. Kinetic energy of the cyclone scale baroclinic mode is transformed into zonal and eddy kinetic energies of the barotropic mode. Parameterizing the horizontal scale of waves by their eigenfrequencies, we find for vertically trapped modes, the kinetic energy spectrum follows approximately the 3 power of the frequency. However, for the propagative Rossby modes, the spectrum obeys the -5/3 power law and merges continuously with the spectrum of the gravity modes. It is concluded from the results that the energy spectrum depends on the vertical propagation properties; the energy spectrum of the propagative Rossby waves is similar to that of gravity waves in the frequency domain. The trapped and the critical modes gain their energy through the interactions mentioned above, whereas we find the propagative modes lose a part of energy through nonlinear mode-mode interactions.

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Section: Energy Distributionssupporting

confidence: 83%

Global Energetics Analysis by Expansion into Three-Dimensional Normal Mode Functions during the FGGE Winter

Tanaka

1985

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…As a method of investigating the energy distribution, the energy spectrum, i.e., energy distribution in the wavenumber space of the atmosphere, often has been investigated. It has been pointed out in numerous investigations, that the energy spectrum is proportional to the À3 power of the wavenumber, in the wavenumber region expressing large-scale motions of the atmosphere (e.g., Saltzman and Fleischer 1962;Wiin-Nielsen 1966;Kao and Wendell 1970;Julian et al 1970;Tanaka 1985;Nastrom and Gage 1985). This observational fact is often explained as an exposure of the feature of two-dimensional turbulence, based on the quasi two-dimensionality of the largescale motions of the atmosphere (Charney 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Scaling Law of Quasi-Geostrophic Turbulence with Weak Energy Dissipation

Iga

Watanabe

2003

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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When a problem without viscosity is considered as an ideal case, a small dissipation term is necessary in many numerical calculations. Quasi-geostrophic turbulence, which is described by the barotropic version of quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation, (also called Charney-Hasegawa-Mima equation as an equivalent) is one of these situations: a dissipation term must be added in order to prevent the energy from piling up in the large wavenumber region. Consequently, the total energy decreases gradually, which should be conserved in an ideal situation. In this article, the total energy dissipation rate in quasi-geostrophic turbulence is estimated, based on the assumption that the energy dissipated in this system is equal to the energy transported to the large wavenumber region. This estimation complements the dynamic scaling laws for the quasi-geostrophic turbulence developed by Watanabe et al. (1998): the parameter expressing the total energy dissipation, which was determined from the result of the numerical calculation in their study, is derived from the parameters of the setting of the numerical calculation. This estimation also suggests the means to determine the appropriate artificial hyperviscosity coefficient used in numerical simulations.

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“…1, both sets of southern hemisphere results are given, together with corresponding estimates for the northern hemisphere reported by Wiin-Nielsen (1967); the latter arranged so that seasons correspond.…”

Section: Data and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Southern hemisphere energetics: a reappraisal of some earlier estimates

Price

Nicholls

1982

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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A climatology of the quasi-geostrophic available potential and kinetic energies of the southern hemisphere derived from 4 complete years of daily analyses is presented. The same energies, estimated from analyses based on the improved observation network operating during the Global Weather Experiment are also given and compared with the long-term statistics. Although the more recent results do differ in several respects from the earlier ones, the differences are generally small. The major inter-hemispheric differences noted in earlier reports are confirmed.

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On the annual variation and spectral distribution of atmospheric energy<sup>1</sup>

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Global Energetics Analysis by Expansion into Three-Dimensional Normal Mode Functions during the FGGE Winter

Global Energetics Analysis by Expansion into Three-Dimensional Normal Mode Functions during the FGGE Winter

The Scaling Law of Quasi-Geostrophic Turbulence with Weak Energy Dissipation

Southern hemisphere energetics: a reappraisal of some earlier estimates

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