On the anisotropy of thick-walled wire arc additively manufactured stainless steel parts

Belotti, L. Palmeira; Nuland, T.F.W. van; Geers, M.G.D.; Hoefnagels, Jpm Johan; Dommelen, J.A.W. van

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2022.144538

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, the elongation in the BD was 6.6% higher. To investigate the mechanical behavior of the laser DED 316L SS sample, Van Nuland et al conducted tensile tests on dog bone specimens obtained from the sample [35,40]. In each plane, three different tensile loading directions were tested: horizontal direction (TD or DD), vertical direction (BD), and diagonal direction (45°), with multiple specimens per loading direction.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Directed Energy Deposition 316lmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Monitoring Assisted Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing of Mild Steel and 316L Alloys for Nuclear Application

Nag,

Paramanathan,

List III

et al. 2023

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of Directed Energy Deposition 316lmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Monitoring Assisted Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing of Mild Steel and 316L Alloys for Nuclear Application

Nag,

Paramanathan,

List III

et al. 2023

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“…Charmi et al found that the yield strength of the specimen increased as the angle between the specimen sampling direction and the substrate decreased [18]. L. Palmeira Belotti et al studied the anisotropy of stainless steel parts fabricated by thick-walled arc additive manufacturing, and found that under uniaxial tensile loading conditions, the material exhibited an anisotropic mechanical response in the TDBD plane along the transverse, 45 • from the transverse (diagonal), and BD directions [19]. L. Hitzler et al found that the variation in mechanical characteristics resulting from altering the inclination between the loading and the layers differed, and was demonstrated to be highly dependent on the material [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Additive-Manufactured 316L SS with SLM

Wang,

Jiang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Materials

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Selective laser melting (SLM) forms specimens that often exhibit anisotropic mechanical properties. Most existing research only explains that the mechanical properties of specimens perpendicular to the build direction are superior to those parallel to the build direction. In this paper, the mechanical properties of SLM 316L SS specimens with different surfaces and different directions are compared. Finally, it was found that the mechanical properties of specimens on Face 3 are stronger than those on Face 1 and Face 2, while the mechanical properties of specimens on Face 1 and Face 2 are similar. For specimens in different directions on the same surface, the mechanical properties of Face 1 and Face 2 exhibit clear anisotropy, while the mechanical properties of Face 3 tend to be isotropic. In this paper, the EBSD technique was used to analyze the specimens. It was found that the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of Face 1 and Face 2 are attributed to the presence of texture and columnar crystals in the sample. This paper can provide accurate and reliable material performance data for the practical application of SLM 316L SS, thereby guiding the optimization of engineering design and manufacturing processes.

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“…Anisotropy of welded material properties was evident in tests conducted on samples cut in various directions. In [26], a detailed analysis of the anisotropy of 316L steel structures produced through the WAAM method is presented. The study shows that samples cut in the direction of welding exhibit the highest strength, while those cut diagonally (45°) have the highest elongation to failure ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Electrode Extension on the Geometry of Parts Made of 316LSi Steel by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Method (WAAM)

Połaski,

Golański,

Kołodziejczak

et al. 2024

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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Intensive research is currently being conducted on wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) processes. Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of current parameters on altering the structure and properties of 316L stainless steel. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information in the literature regarding the influence of electrode extension length (contact to tube distance) on changes in the structure and geometry of parts made of 316L steel using the cold metal transfer (CMT) method. This parameter was often assumed to be constant in research experiments. The study aimed to determine how the length of the electrode extension affects the geometric properties of steel walls produced in the WAAM CMT additive manufacturing process. The experiment used 316LSi stainless steel to build 3D structures in the shape of straight walls. The chosen shape of the parts yielded the most benefits for preparing samples from the resulting structures for destructive testing. The research demonstrated that the length of the electrode extension is a crucial parameter in the additive manufacturing process of structures using the WAAM method. Modifying the electrode extension length in the WAAM process with a CMT machine impacts the bead geometry and, consequently, the overall model geometry. A 6 mm increase in the electrode extension length resulted in a model that was over 8 mm taller, despite using the same number of layers.

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On the anisotropy of thick-walled wire arc additively manufactured stainless steel parts

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

In-Situ Monitoring Assisted Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing of Mild Steel and 316L Alloys for Nuclear Application

In-Situ Monitoring Assisted Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing of Mild Steel and 316L Alloys for Nuclear Application

An Investigation of the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Additive-Manufactured 316L SS with SLM

Effect of the Electrode Extension on the Geometry of Parts Made of 316LSi Steel by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Method (WAAM)

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