On the after‐use and restoration of abandoned extracted peatlands in the Baltic countries

Karofeld, Edgar; Jarašius, Leonas; Priede, Agnese; Sendžikaitė, Jūratė

doi:10.1111/rec.12436

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, these processes may be further accelerated by natural causes (climate change, river capture, fires, etc.). In order to protect peatlands, various management projects comprising restoration of their hydrographic network are being implemented (Acreman et al, 2007;Andersen et al, 2017;Chimner, Cooper, Wurster, & Rochefort, 2016;Jarašius, Lygis, Sendžikaitė, & Pakalnis, 2015;Karofeld, Jarašius, Priede, & Sendžikaitė, 2017). Sustainable use of resources is an important criterion in the assessment of these projects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Peatland degradation: The relationship between raised bog hydrology and normalized difference vegetation index

et al. 2019

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Peatlands are recognized as important landscape elements and their disturbance, followed by the loss of their ecohydrological functions, leads to falling water tables and degradation. Sometimes, the shortage of hydrological monitoring data impedes the detection of degrading peatland areas. The application of cost-effective remote sensing methods for assessment of humidity conditions permits monitoring of a large area and longer periods of time. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the links between hydrological parameters and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as well as identifying spatio-temporal patterns in the condition of raised bog vegetation, according to NDVI, in the Čepkeliai raised bog, a semipristine peatland in south-eastern Lithuania. Time series of NDVI (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018) were obtained from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer and compared with field measurements. A strong positive correlation between NDVI and water table depth was found. Moderate (for the whole raised bog) and strong (for control subbasin) positive correlations between NDVI avg and annual minimum flow over 30 and 7 days were found. This confirms that NDVI could be treated as an appropriate indicator, showing the degradation processes of the raised bog ecosystem and could be applied in its management. Analysis of the interannual NDVI avg variation confirmed the prevalence of stable favourable conditions during the growing season with a slight decrease in NDVI max over last 4 years. Meanwhile, analysis of spatial NDVI variation revealed obvious spatial patterns where possible degradation processes tend to appear. KEYWORDSNDVI, peatland degradation, peatland water resources, raised bog, water table depth

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confidence: 99%

Peatland degradation: The relationship between raised bog hydrology and normalized difference vegetation index

et al. 2019

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“…Passive restoration through natural re-vegetation is likely to succeed relatively quickly in fens [89]. However, the peat re-establishment action in mined peatbogs progresses very slowly and is even unlikely to succeed [94], thus requiring additional measures [90,95,96].…”

Section: A Call For Adaptive Maintenance Actions Of Fensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and Spatial Planning for Peatland Conservation and Restoration: Europe’s Trans-Border Neman River Basin as a Case Study

Manton

Makrickas

Banaszuk

et al. 2021

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Peatlands are the “kidneys” of river basins. However, intensification of agriculture and forestry in Europe has resulted in the degradation of peatlands and their biodiversity (i.e., species, habitats and processes in ecosystems), thus impairing water retention, nutrient filtration, and carbon capture. Restoration of peatlands requires assessment of patterns and processes, and spatial planning. To support strategic planning of protection, management, and restoration of peatlands, we assessed the conservation status of three peatland types within the trans-border Neman River basin. First, we compiled a spatial peatland database for the two EU and two non-EU countries involved. Second, we performed quantitative and qualitative gap analyses of fens, transitional mires, and raised bogs at national and sub-basin levels. Third, we identified priority areas for local peatland restoration using a local hotspot analysis. Nationally, the gap analysis showed that the protection of peatlands meets the Convention of Biological Diversity’s quantitative target of 17%. However, qualitative targets like representation and peatland qualities were not met in some regional sub-basins. This stresses that restoration of peatlands, especially fens, is required. This study provides an assessment methodology to support sub-basin-level spatial conservation planning that considers both quantitative and qualitative peatland properties. Finally, we highlight the need for developing and validating evidence-based performance targets for peatland patterns and processes and call for peatland restoration guided by social-ecological research and inter-sectoral collaborative governance.

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“…Jääksoodel kultiveeritud kiirekasvulised lehtpuud ja nende hübriidid, samuti erinevad pajuliigid (Salix spp.) sobivad hästi bioküttematerjaliks (Karofeld et al, 2017). Soomes korraldatud katsed näitasid, et peale 21 kasvuaastat oli kaskede biomass ligi 100 t ha -1 ning keskmine aastane puidu biomassi juurdekasv oli 3-4,6 t ha -1 aastas (Hytönen & Aro, 2012).…”

Section: Jääksoode Metsastamineunclassified

Afforestation of cutaway peatlands: effect of wood ash on biomass formation and carbon balance

et al. 2017

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Alternatives to the restoration of cutaway peatlands include afforestation, energy forests, agricultural production, wetland restoration (restoration of peataccumulating function), reed canary grass (energy mower) or wild berries (blueberry, cranberry) cultivation, protected area for birds, and artificial lakes. Investigations made in several countries suggest that one of the most promising ways of regenerating cutaway peatlands is afforestation. The re-vegetation of Estonian cutaway peat production fields is mainly the result of natural processes, which are generally very slow: vegetation covers only 10–20% of a peat field. Carbon dioxide is not bound anymore in cutaway peatlands where vegetation layer has been destroyed and therefore photosynthetical processes no more occur. Using biofuel ashes (wood ash, etc.) for the afforestation of cutaway peatlands helps to balance the content of nutrients in peat substrate, which improves the survival of planted seedlings and significantly increases bioproduction. Drained and mined peatlands have become a significant source of CO2 but stimulated woody biomass production can be helpful to balance CO2 emission from cutaway peatlands. Because of the limited resources of fossil fuels and negative impacts on the environment in recent decades alternative sources of energy have been actively looked for. In Scandinavia a lot of attention has been paid to finding possibilities for using biofuels. The situation in Estonia is that only very few types of ashes (for example certified oil shale fly ash with product name Enefix) have been founded to be suitable for utilization and have been used for recycling in agriculture.

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On the after‐use and restoration of abandoned extracted peatlands in the Baltic countries

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Peatland degradation: The relationship between raised bog hydrology and normalized difference vegetation index

Peatland degradation: The relationship between raised bog hydrology and normalized difference vegetation index

Assessment and Spatial Planning for Peatland Conservation and Restoration: Europe’s Trans-Border Neman River Basin as a Case Study

Afforestation of cutaway peatlands: effect of wood ash on biomass formation and carbon balance

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