We introduce a family M r;f,η of infinitesimal supergroup schemes, which we call multiparameter supergroups, that generalize the infinitesimal Frobenius kernels G a(r) of the additive group scheme Ga. Then, following the approach of Suslin, Friedlander, and Bendel, we use functor cohomology to define characteristic extension classes for the general linear supergroup GL m|n , and we calculate how these classes restrict along homomorphisms ρ : M r;f,η → GL m|n . Finally, we apply our calculations to describe (up to a finite surjective morphism) the spectrum of the cohomology ring of the r-th Frobenius kernel GL m|n(r) of the general linear supergroup GL m|n .